Familial amyloidosis laboratory findings: Difference between revisions

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==Laboratory Findings==
==Laboratory Findings==


Cardiac
'''Cardiac'''


* [[Cardiac biomarkers]] are the most important predictors of outcome in amyloidosis.
* [[Cardiac biomarkers]] are the most important predictors of outcome in amyloidosis.
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:* BNP and NT-proBNP
:* BNP and NT-proBNP


Hepatic
'''Hepatic'''


* [[Liver function tests]], including:
* [[Liver function tests]], including:
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:*Albumin
:*Albumin


Renal
'''Renal'''
 
* A variety of kidney function tests can suggest amyloidosis.  
* A variety of kidney function tests can suggest amyloidosis.  
* These [[Test|tests]] include abnormalities in:
* These [[Test|tests]] include abnormalities in:
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:*[[Albumin]] to [[creatinine]] ratio in the [[urine]]
:*[[Albumin]] to [[creatinine]] ratio in the [[urine]]


Thyroid
'''Thyroid'''
 
* Common [[Test|tests]] that are abnormal in thyroidal involvement of amyloidosis include:
* Common [[Test|tests]] that are abnormal in thyroidal involvement of amyloidosis include:


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:*Free T4
:*Free T4


Bone marrow
'''Bone marrow'''
 
* Concurrent [[multiple myeloma]] can be found in [[Patient|patients]] with amyloidosis.  
* Concurrent [[multiple myeloma]] can be found in [[Patient|patients]] with amyloidosis.  
* In such cases, [[laboratory]] [[Test|testing]] should include<ref name="pmid24145344">{{cite journal| author=Kourelis TV, Kumar SK, Gertz MA, Lacy MQ, Buadi FK, Hayman SR et al.| title=Coexistent multiple myeloma or increased bone marrow plasma cells define equally high-risk populations in patients with immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis. | journal=J Clin Oncol | year= 2013 | volume= 31 | issue= 34 | pages= 4319-24 | pmid=24145344 | doi=10.1200/JCO.2013.50.8499 | pmc=4881366 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24145344  }} </ref>:
* In such cases, [[laboratory]] [[Test|testing]] should include<ref name="pmid24145344">{{cite journal| author=Kourelis TV, Kumar SK, Gertz MA, Lacy MQ, Buadi FK, Hayman SR et al.| title=Coexistent multiple myeloma or increased bone marrow plasma cells define equally high-risk populations in patients with immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis. | journal=J Clin Oncol | year= 2013 | volume= 31 | issue= 34 | pages= 4319-24 | pmid=24145344 | doi=10.1200/JCO.2013.50.8499 | pmc=4881366 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24145344  }} </ref>:

Revision as of 18:17, 30 October 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

An elevated/reduced concentration of serum/blood/urinary/CSF/other [lab test] is diagnostic of [disease name].

OR

Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of [disease name] include [abnormal test 1], [abnormal test 2], and [abnormal test 3].

OR

[Test] is usually normal for patients with [disease name].

OR

Some patients with [disease name] may have elevated/reduced concentration of [test], which is usually suggestive of [progression/complication].

OR

There are no diagnostic laboratory findings associated with [disease name].

Laboratory Findings

There are no diagnostic laboratory findings associated with [disease name].

OR

An elevated/reduced concentration of serum/blood/urinary/CSF/other [lab test] is diagnostic of [disease name].

OR

[Test] is usually normal among patients with [disease name].

OR

Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of [disease name] include:

  • [Abnormal test 1]
  • [Abnormal test 2]
  • [Abnormal test 3]

OR

Some patients with [disease name] may have elevated/reduced concentration of [test], which is usually suggestive of [progression/complication].

Overview

Laboratory findings in amyloidosis include elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, increased BUN level, serum creatinine, protein, casts, or fat bodies in urine. Serum troponin, B-type natriuretic peptide, and beta-2-microglobulin are prognostic markers for heart failure. Amyloid deposits can be identified histologically by Congo red staining and viewing under polarized light where amyloid deposits produce a distinctive 'apple green birefringence'. Alternatively, thioflavin T stain may be used. An abdominal fat pad aspiration, rectal mucosa biopsy, or bone marrow biopsy can help confirm the diagnosis. They reveal positive findings in 80% patients.

Laboratory Findings

Cardiac

  • Cardiac biomarkers are the most important predictors of outcome in amyloidosis.
  • They provide a quantitative assessment for cardiac damage and wall strain.[1]
  • The biomarkers include:
  • Troponin I or Troponin T
  • BNP and NT-proBNP

Hepatic

  • AST
  • ALT
  • Total bilirubin
  • Alkaline phosphatase
  • Albumin

Renal

  • A variety of kidney function tests can suggest amyloidosis.
  • These tests include abnormalities in:

Thyroid

  • Common tests that are abnormal in thyroidal involvement of amyloidosis include:
  • TSH
  • Free T4

Bone marrow

References

  1. Merlini G, Seldin DC, Gertz MA (May 2011). "Amyloidosis: pathogenesis and new therapeutic options". J. Clin. Oncol. 29 (14): 1924–33. doi:10.1200/JCO.2010.32.2271. PMC 3138545. PMID 21483018.
  2. Kourelis TV, Kumar SK, Gertz MA, Lacy MQ, Buadi FK, Hayman SR; et al. (2013). "Coexistent multiple myeloma or increased bone marrow plasma cells define equally high-risk populations in patients with immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis". J Clin Oncol. 31 (34): 4319–24. doi:10.1200/JCO.2013.50.8499. PMC 4881366. PMID 24145344.

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