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{{Lung cancer}}
{{Lung cancer}}
===Epithelial tumors===
* '''[[Adenocarcinoma of the lung|Adenocarcinoma]]'''
** Lepidic adenocarcinoma
** Acinar adenocarcinoma
** Papillary adenocarcinoma
** Micropapillary adenocarcinoma
** Solid adenocarcinoma
** Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma
*** Mixed invasive mucinous
*** Nonmucinous adenocarcinoma
** Colloid adenocarcinoma
** Fetal adenocarcinoma
** Enteric adenocarcinoma
** Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma
** Nonmucinous
*** Mucinous
** Preinvasive lesions
*** Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia
*** Adenocarcinoma in situ
**** Nonmucinous
**** Mucinous


{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{KSH}} {{CZ}} {{Rim}} {{SH}}
* '''[[Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung|Squamous cell carcinoma]]'''


==Overview==
** Keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma
Primary lung cancers may be classified into [[small cell lung cancer]] (~15%) and [[non small cell lung cancer]] (~85%).  [[Non small cell lung cancer]] are a heterogenous group of lung cancers that are often grouped together because they share similar clinical features (e.g. [[prognosis]] and management). The 2004 WHO histological classification of [[tumors]] of the [[lung]] categorized [[lung]] [[tumors]] into [[malignant]] [[epithelial]] [[tumors]], [[benign]] [[epithelial]] [[tumors]], [[Lymphoproliferative disorders|lymphoproliferative tumors]], miscellaneous [[tumors]], and [[metastatic]] [[tumors]].
** Nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma
** Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma
** Preinvasive lesion
*** Squamous cell carcinoma in situ


==Classification==
=== Neuroendocrine tumors ===
Primary lung cancers may be classified into two main categories:<ref name="WHO">{{cite book | last = Travis | first = William | title = Pathology and genetics of tumours of the lung, pleura, thymus, and heart | publisher = IARC Press | location = Lyon | year = 2004 | isbn = 9283224183 }}</ref>
* '''[[Small cell carcinoma of the lung|Small cell carcinoma]]'''
*[[Small cell lung cancer]] (~15%) 
** Combined small cell carcinoma
*[[Non small cell lung cancer]] (~85%).
* '''Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma'''
** Combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma
* '''Carcinoid tumors'''
** Typical carcinoid tumor
** Atypical carcinoid tumor
* '''Preinvasive lesion'''
** Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia
* '''[[Large cell carcinoma of the lung|Large cell carcinoma]]'''
* '''Adenosquamous carcinoma'''
* '''[[Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung|Sarcomatoid carcinomas]]'''
** Pleomorphic carcinoma
** Spindle cell carcinoma
** Giant cell carcinoma
** Carcinosarcoma
** Pulmonary blastoma
* '''Other and Unclassified carcinomas'''
** Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma
** NUT carcinoma
* '''Salivary gland-type tumors'''
** Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
** Adenoid cystic carcinoma
** Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma
** Pleomorphic adenoma


{{Family tree/start}}
* '''Papillomas'''  
{{familytree | | | A01 | | | A01= '''Lung Cancer'''}}
** Squamous cell papilloma
{{familytree | |,|-|^|-|.| | }}
*** Exophytic
{{familytree | B01 | | |!| | B01= <div style="float: left; text-align: left; width: 30em; padding:1em;">'''[[Small cell lung cancer]] (~15%) '''</div>}}
*** Inverted
** Glandular papilloma
** Mixed squamous and glandular papilloma
* '''Adenomas'''  
** Sclerosing pneumocytoma
** Alveolar adenoma
** Papillary adenoma
** Mucinous cystadenoma
** Mucous gland adenoma


{{familytree | | | | | B02 | B02= <div style="float: left; text-align: left; width: 30em; padding:1em;">'''[[Non small cell lung cancer]] (~85%)'''<br>
=== Mesenchymal tumors ===
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung|Squamous cell carcinoma]] (25% of lung cancers) <br>
* [[Hamartoma|Pulmonary hamartoma]]
*[[Adenocarcinoma of the lung|Adenocarcinoma]] (40% of lung cancers).
* Chondroma
:*[[Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma]] is a subtype of adenocarcinoma, is more common among female never-smokers, and may have different responses to treatment.<br><ref name="Raz">{{cite journal | last =Raz | first =DJ | coauthors =He B, Rosell R, Jablons DM | title =Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma: a review | journal =Clinical Lung Cancer | volume =7 | issue =5 | pages =313–322 | publisher =Cancer Information Group | date =Mar 2006 | pmid =16640802 }}</ref>
* PEComatous tumors
*[[Large cell carcinoma of the lung|Large cell carcinoma]] (10% of lung cancers)
** [[Lymphangiomyomatosis|Lymphangioleiomyomatosis]]
*Other non-small cell lung carcinomas:
** [[PEComa]], benigne
:*[[Adenosquamous carcinoma of the lung|Adenosquamous carcinoma]] <br>
*** Clear cell tumor
:*[[Carcinomas with pleomorphic, sarcomatoid, or sarcomatous elements]] <br>
** PEComa, malignant
:*[[Carcinoid tumor of the lung|Carcinoid tumor]] <br>
* Congenital peribronchial myofibroblastic tumor
:*[[Lung carcinoma of salivary gland type|Lung carcinoma of salivary gland type]]<br>
* Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis
:*[[Unclassified carcinoma of the lung|Unclassified carcinoma]] </div>}}
* Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor
{{Family tree/end}}
* [[Vascular tumor|Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma]]
* [[Pleuropulmonary blastoma]]
* Synovial sarcoma
* Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma
* Pulmonary myxoid sarcoma with EWSR1–CREB1 translocation
* Myoepithelial tumors
** Myoepithelioma
** Myoepithelial carcinoma


==WHO Histological Classification of Tumors of the Lung ==
=== Lymphohistiocytic tumors ===
The [[World Health Organization]] ([[World Health Organization|WHO]]) classifies [[tumors]] of the [[lungs]] as follows:<ref name="urlwww.jto.org">{{cite web |url=https://www.jto.org/article/S1556-0864(15)33571-1/pdf |title=www.jto.org |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="WHO">{{cite book | last = Travis | first = William | title = Pathology and genetics of tumours of the lung, pleura, thymus, and heart | publisher = IARC Press | location = Lyon | year = 2004 | isbn = 9283224183 }}</ref>
* Extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated Lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma)
===Malignant epithelial tumors===
* Diffuse large cell lymphoma
====Squamous cell carcinoma====
* [[Papillary]] carcinoma
* [[Clear cell carcinoma of the lung|Clear cell carcinoma]]
* [[Small cell carcinoma]]
* [[Basal cell carcinoma|Basaloid carcinoma]]
 
====[[Small cell carcinoma]]====
* Combined small cell carcinoma
 
====[[Adenocarcinoma of lung|Adenocarcinoma]]====
* [[Adenocarcinoma of lung|Adenocarcinoma]], mixed subtype
* [[Acinic cell carcinoma|Acinar]] [[adenocarcinoma]]
* [[Papillary]] [[adenocarcinoma]]
* [[Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma]]
:* Nonmucinous
:* [[Mucinous carcinoma|Mucinous]]
:* Mixed nonmucinous and [[mucinous]] or indeterminate
* Solid [[adenocarcinoma]] with [[mucin]] production
:* Fetal [[adenocarcinoma]]
:* Mucinous (“colloid”) carcinoma
:* [[Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma]]
:* [[Signet ring cell carcinoma|Signet ring adenocarcinoma]]
:* [[Clear cell carcinoma of the lung|Clear cell]] [[adenocarcinoma]]
 
====[[Large cell carcinoma of the lung|Large cell carcinoma]]====
* [[Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung|Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma]]
:* Combined large cell [[neuroendocrine]] carcinoma
* [[Basaloid large cell carcinoma of the lung|Basaloid carcinoma]]
* [[Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung|Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma]]
* [[Clear cell tumor|Clear cell carcinoma]]
* [[Large cell carcinoma of the lung|Large cell carcinoma]] with [[Malignant rhabdoid tumor|rhabdoid]] [[phenotype]]
 
====[[Adenosquamous carcinoma]]====
 
====[[Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung|Sarcomatoid carcinoma]]====
* Pleomorphic carcinoma
* Spindle cell carcinoma
* Giant cell carcinoma
* Carcinosarcoma
* [[Pleuropulmonary blastoma|Pulmonary blastoma]]
 
====Carcinoid tumor====
* Typical carcinoid
* Atypical carcinoid
 
====Other tumors that may affect the lungs====
=====Salivary gland tumors=====
* [[Mucoepidermoid carcinoma]]
* Adenoid cystic carcinoma
* Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma
* Preinvasive lesions
:* [[Squamous]] [[carcinoma in situ]]
:* Atypical [[adenomatous]] [[hyperplasia]]
:* Diffuse idiopathic [[pulmonary]] [[neuroendocrine]] cell [[hyperplasia]]
 
=====Mesenchymal tumors=====
* [[Epithelioid]] [[Hemangioendothelioma|haemangioendothelioma]]
* [[Angiosarcoma]]
* Pleuropulmonary [[blastoma]]
* [[Chondroma]]
* Congenial peribronchial myofibroblastic [[tumor]]
* Diffuse [[pulmonary]] [[lymphangiomatosis]]
* Inflammatory myofibroblastic [[tumor]]
* [[Lymphangiomyomatosis|Lymphangioleiomyomatosis]]
* [[Synovial sarcoma]]
* [[Pulmonary artery sarcoma]]
* [[Pulmonary]] [[vein]] [[sarcoma]]
 
=====Benign Epithelial Tumors=====
* [[Papilloma|Papillomas]]
:* [[Squamous cell]] [[papilloma]] (either exophytic or inverted)
:* Glandular [[papilloma]]
:* Mixed [[squamous cell]] and [[glandular]] [[papilloma]]
* [[Adenoma|Adenomas]]
:* [[Alveolar]] [[adenoma]]
:* [[Papillary]] [[adenoma]]
:* [[Adenomas]] of the [[salivary gland]] type
::* [[Mucous]] [[gland]] [[adenoma]]
::* [[Pleomorphic adenoma]]
::* Others
:* Mucinous cystadenoma
 
=====Lymphoproliferative Tumors=====
* [[Marginal zone lymphoma|Marginal zone B-cell lymphoma]] of the [[MALT lymphoma|MALT]] type
* [[Diffuse large B cell lymphoma|Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma]]
* [[Lymphomatoid granulomatosis]]
* [[Lymphomatoid granulomatosis]]
* [[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]]
* Intravascular large B cell lymphoma
* Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis
* Erdheim–Chester disease


=====Miscellaneous Tumors=====
=== Tumors of ectopic origin ===
* [[Hamartoma]]
* Germ cell tumors
* Sclerosing [[hemangioma]]
** Teratoma, mature
* [[Clear cell tumor]]
** Teratoma, immature
* [[Germ cell tumor|Germ cell tumors]]
* Intrapulmonary thymoma
:* Mature [[Teratoma]]
* Melanoma
:* Immature Teratoma
* Meningioma, NOS
:* Other [[germ cell]] [[tumors]]
* Intrapulmonary [[thymoma]]
* [[Melanoma]]


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 15:39, 18 February 2019

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Epithelial tumors

  • Adenocarcinoma
    • Lepidic adenocarcinoma
    • Acinar adenocarcinoma
    • Papillary adenocarcinoma
    • Micropapillary adenocarcinoma
    • Solid adenocarcinoma
    • Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma
      • Mixed invasive mucinous
      • Nonmucinous adenocarcinoma
    • Colloid adenocarcinoma
    • Fetal adenocarcinoma
    • Enteric adenocarcinoma
    • Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma
    • Nonmucinous
      • Mucinous
    • Preinvasive lesions
      • Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia
      • Adenocarcinoma in situ
        • Nonmucinous
        • Mucinous
    • Keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma
    • Nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma
    • Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma
    • Preinvasive lesion
      • Squamous cell carcinoma in situ

Neuroendocrine tumors

  • Small cell carcinoma
    • Combined small cell carcinoma
  • Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma
    • Combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma
  • Carcinoid tumors
    • Typical carcinoid tumor
    • Atypical carcinoid tumor
  • Preinvasive lesion
    • Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia
  • Large cell carcinoma
  • Adenosquamous carcinoma
  • Sarcomatoid carcinomas
    • Pleomorphic carcinoma
    • Spindle cell carcinoma
    • Giant cell carcinoma
    • Carcinosarcoma
    • Pulmonary blastoma
  • Other and Unclassified carcinomas
    • Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma
    • NUT carcinoma
  • Salivary gland-type tumors
    • Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
    • Adenoid cystic carcinoma
    • Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma
    • Pleomorphic adenoma
  • Papillomas
    • Squamous cell papilloma
      • Exophytic
      • Inverted
    • Glandular papilloma
    • Mixed squamous and glandular papilloma
  • Adenomas
    • Sclerosing pneumocytoma
    • Alveolar adenoma
    • Papillary adenoma
    • Mucinous cystadenoma
    • Mucous gland adenoma

Mesenchymal tumors

Lymphohistiocytic tumors

  • Extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated Lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma)
  • Diffuse large cell lymphoma
  • Lymphomatoid granulomatosis
  • Intravascular large B cell lymphoma
  • Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis
  • Erdheim–Chester disease

Tumors of ectopic origin

  • Germ cell tumors
    • Teratoma, mature
    • Teratoma, immature
  • Intrapulmonary thymoma
  • Melanoma
  • Meningioma, NOS

References

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