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! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Actinomycosis<ref name="pmid25045274">{{cite journal |vauthors=Valour F, Sénéchal A, Dupieux C, Karsenty J, Lustig S, Breton P, Gleizal A, Boussel L, Laurent F, Braun E, Chidiac C, Ader F, Ferry T |title=Actinomycosis: etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and management |journal=Infect Drug Resist |volume=7 |issue= |pages=183–97 |date=2014 |pmid=25045274 |pmc=4094581 |doi=10.2147/IDR.S39601 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid27311002">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bonnefond S, Catroux M, Melenotte C, Karkowski L, Rolland L, Trouillier S, Raffray L |title=Clinical features of actinomycosis: A retrospective, multicenter study of 28 cases of miscellaneous presentations |journal=Medicine (Baltimore) |volume=95 |issue=24 |pages=e3923 |date=June 2016 |pmid=27311002 |pmc=4998488 |doi=10.1097/MD.0000000000003923 |url=}}</ref>  
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Actinomycosis<ref name="pmid25045274">{{cite journal |vauthors=Valour F, Sénéchal A, Dupieux C, Karsenty J, Lustig S, Breton P, Gleizal A, Boussel L, Laurent F, Braun E, Chidiac C, Ader F, Ferry T |title=Actinomycosis: etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and management |journal=Infect Drug Resist |volume=7 |issue= |pages=183–97 |date=2014 |pmid=25045274 |pmc=4094581 |doi=10.2147/IDR.S39601 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid27311002">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bonnefond S, Catroux M, Melenotte C, Karkowski L, Rolland L, Trouillier S, Raffray L |title=Clinical features of actinomycosis: A retrospective, multicenter study of 28 cases of miscellaneous presentations |journal=Medicine (Baltimore) |volume=95 |issue=24 |pages=e3923 |date=June 2016 |pmid=27311002 |pmc=4998488 |doi=10.1097/MD.0000000000003923 |url=}}</ref>  
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |No predilection in race, age
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Male to female ratio : 1.5 to 3:1
* No predilection in race, age
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |History of dental procedure or trauma
Poor oral hygiene


Swelling mandible
* Male to female ratio : 1.5 to 3:1
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* History of dental procedure or trauma
 
* Poor oral hygiene
 
* Swelling mandible
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Tender at the beginning , Painless
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Fluctuant
* Tender at the beginning


Non-tender at late stage
* Painless
 
* Fluctuant
 
* Non-tender at late stage
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Reddish
* Reddish
Line 403: Line 411:
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Mycobacterial infections<ref name="pmid24753638">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A |title=Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools |journal=Iran J Med Sci |volume=39 |issue=2 Suppl |pages=158–70 |date=March 2014 |pmid=24753638 |pmc=3993046 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9241478">{{cite journal |vauthors=Suskind DL, Handler SD, Tom LW, Potsic WP, Wetmore RF |title=Nontuberculous mycobacterial cervical adenitis |journal=Clin Pediatr (Phila) |volume=36 |issue=7 |pages=403–9 |date=July 1997 |pmid=9241478 |doi=10.1177/000992289703600705 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid12614730">{{cite journal |vauthors=Drobniewski FA, Caws M, Gibson A, Young D |title=Modern laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis |journal=Lancet Infect Dis |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=141–7 |date=March 2003 |pmid=12614730 |doi= |url=}}</ref>  
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Mycobacterial infections<ref name="pmid24753638">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A |title=Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools |journal=Iran J Med Sci |volume=39 |issue=2 Suppl |pages=158–70 |date=March 2014 |pmid=24753638 |pmc=3993046 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9241478">{{cite journal |vauthors=Suskind DL, Handler SD, Tom LW, Potsic WP, Wetmore RF |title=Nontuberculous mycobacterial cervical adenitis |journal=Clin Pediatr (Phila) |volume=36 |issue=7 |pages=403–9 |date=July 1997 |pmid=9241478 |doi=10.1177/000992289703600705 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid12614730">{{cite journal |vauthors=Drobniewski FA, Caws M, Gibson A, Young D |title=Modern laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis |journal=Lancet Infect Dis |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=141–7 |date=March 2003 |pmid=12614730 |doi= |url=}}</ref>  
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |More common in adults and children in endemic continent such as African
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Recent travel to endemic regions
* More common in adults and children in endemic continent such as African
Exposure to TB patients
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Recent travel to endemic regions
 
* Exposure to TB patients
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Matted cervical nodes
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Firm
* Matted cervical nodes


Non-tender
* Firm
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Indurated
 
* Non-tender
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Indurated
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Line 428: Line 442:
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Streptococcal infection<ref name="pmid247536382">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A |title=Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools |journal=Iran J Med Sci |volume=39 |issue=2 Suppl |pages=158–70 |date=March 2014 |pmid=24753638 |pmc=3993046 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19450346">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kenealy T |title=Sore throat |journal=BMJ Clin Evid |volume=2007 |issue= |pages= |date=November 2007 |pmid=19450346 |pmc=2943825 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Streptococcal infection<ref name="pmid247536382">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A |title=Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools |journal=Iran J Med Sci |volume=39 |issue=2 Suppl |pages=158–70 |date=March 2014 |pmid=24753638 |pmc=3993046 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19450346">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kenealy T |title=Sore throat |journal=BMJ Clin Evid |volume=2007 |issue= |pages= |date=November 2007 |pmid=19450346 |pmc=2943825 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |More common in children and adolescents
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* More common in children and adolescents
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Fever
* Fever
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! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Toxoplasma gondii<ref name="pmid20512900">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kumar GG, Mahadevan A, Guruprasad AS, Kovoor JM, Satishchandra P, Nath A, Ranga U, Shankar SK |title=Eccentric target sign in cerebral toxoplasmosis: neuropathological correlate to the imaging feature |journal=J Magn Reson Imaging |volume=31 |issue=6 |pages=1469–72 |date=June 2010 |pmid=20512900 |pmc=2908244 |doi=10.1002/jmri.22192 |url=}}</ref><ref name="urlCDC - Toxoplasmosis - Diagnosis">{{cite web |url=+https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/diagnosis.html |title=CDC - Toxoplasmosis - Diagnosis |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Toxoplasma gondii<ref name="pmid20512900">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kumar GG, Mahadevan A, Guruprasad AS, Kovoor JM, Satishchandra P, Nath A, Ranga U, Shankar SK |title=Eccentric target sign in cerebral toxoplasmosis: neuropathological correlate to the imaging feature |journal=J Magn Reson Imaging |volume=31 |issue=6 |pages=1469–72 |date=June 2010 |pmid=20512900 |pmc=2908244 |doi=10.1002/jmri.22192 |url=}}</ref><ref name="urlCDC - Toxoplasmosis - Diagnosis">{{cite web |url=+https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/diagnosis.html |title=CDC - Toxoplasmosis - Diagnosis |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |6 years and older adults are more affected in U.S.
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Seen in Hot climates
* 6 years and older adults are more affected in U.S.
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Cats or birds feces exposure
 
Drinking unpasteurized milk
* Seen in Hot climates
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Cats or birds feces exposure
 
* Drinking unpasteurized milk


Undercooked food
* Undercooked food


Organ transplant recipients
* Organ transplant recipients
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Bilateral
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Non-tender
* Bilateral


Symmetrical
* Non-tender


Non-fluctuant
* Symmetrical
 
* Non-fluctuant
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
Line 493: Line 514:
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Sarcoidosis<ref name="urlSarcoidosis | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)">{{cite web |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/sarcoidosis |title=Sarcoidosis &#124; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="pmid28059621">{{cite journal |vauthors=Abdel Razek AAK, Mukherji S |title=Imaging of sialadenitis |journal=Neuroradiol J |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=205–215 |date=June 2017 |pmid=28059621 |pmc=5480791 |doi=10.1177/1971400916682752 |url=}}</ref>
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Sarcoidosis<ref name="urlSarcoidosis | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)">{{cite web |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/sarcoidosis |title=Sarcoidosis &#124; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="pmid28059621">{{cite journal |vauthors=Abdel Razek AAK, Mukherji S |title=Imaging of sialadenitis |journal=Neuroradiol J |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=205–215 |date=June 2017 |pmid=28059621 |pmc=5480791 |doi=10.1177/1971400916682752 |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |More common in African American women aged 20 - 40 years.
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Family history of sarcodosis,  
* More common in African American women aged 20 - 40 years.
Fatigue, swelling and pain in the joints,
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Family history of sarcodosis,
 
* Fatigue
 
* Swelling and pain in the joints,
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Bilateral
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Bilateral
tender LAD
tender LAD
* Swollen
* Non-tender parotid glands
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Erythema nodosum,


Swollen, non-tender parotid glands
* Lupus pernios
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Erythema nodosum,
Lupus pernios
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Line 517: Line 547:
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Amyloidosis
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Amyloidosis
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Men are affected women.
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Mean age: 55-60 years old
* Men are more affected than women.
 
* Mean age: 55-60 years old
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Line 534: Line 566:
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Sjögren syndrome<ref name="pmid24566651">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mavragani CP, Moutsopoulos HM |title=Sjögren syndrome |journal=CMAJ |volume=186 |issue=15 |pages=E579–86 |date=October 2014 |pmid=24566651 |pmc=4203623 |doi=10.1503/cmaj.122037 |url=}}</ref>
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Sjögren syndrome<ref name="pmid24566651">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mavragani CP, Moutsopoulos HM |title=Sjögren syndrome |journal=CMAJ |volume=186 |issue=15 |pages=E579–86 |date=October 2014 |pmid=24566651 |pmc=4203623 |doi=10.1503/cmaj.122037 |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Female to male ratio: 9 to 1
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
May happen at any age
* Female to male ratio: 9 to 1


Mean age: 40-50
* May happen at any age
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |History of RA, SLE, and non-hodgkin B-cell lymphoma.
 
Dry mouth, dry eyes.
* Mean age: 40-50
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* History of RA, SLE, and non-hodgkin B-cell lymphoma.
 
* Dry mouth, dry eyes.
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Firm,
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Firm,
 
* B/L enlarged parotid glands
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Itchy


B/L enlarged parotid glands
* Rashes
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Itchy
Rashes


Dry
* Dry
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |

Revision as of 20:07, 7 February 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: , Gertrude Djouka, M.D.[2]

Differential diagnosis of neck masses==

Differential diagnosis of neck masses include:

Category Diseases Benign or Malignant Clinical manifestation Paraclinical findings Gold standard diagnosis Associated findings
Demography History Symptoms Signs Lab findings Histopathology Imaging
Pain Dysphagia Mass exam Skin changes LAP Others
Congenital Branchial cleft cyst Benign
Thyroglossal duct cyst
Hemangioma
Vascular malformations
Lymphatic malformations
Laryngocele
Ranula
Teratoma
Dermoid cyst
Thymic cyst
Category Diseases Benign or Malignant Demography History Pain Dysphagia Mass exam Skin changes LAP Others Lab findings Histopathology Imaging Gold standard diagnosis Associated findings
Inflammatory Acute sialadenitis
Chronic sialadenitis
Reactive viral lymphadenopathy CMV
EBV
HIV
Viral URI
Bacterial lymphadenopathy Tularemia
Brucellosis
Cat-scratch disease[1][2] Benign
  • More common in the Southern of U.S among children and young adults.
  • Cat exposure
  • Fever
  • Fatigue
  • headache
+ -
  • Tender cervical nodes
  • Vesicular
  • Erythema
  • Papule at site of inoculation
+ ↑ESR

Serology: + antibody to Bartonella Henselae

Satellite micro-abscess with granuloma - - Bacillary Angiomatosis

Bacillary Peliosis

Actinomycosis[3][4] Benign
  • No predilection in race, age
  • Male to female ratio : 1.5 to 3:1
  • History of dental procedure or trauma
  • Poor oral hygiene
  • Swelling mandible
- -
  • Tender at the beginning
  • Painless
  • Fluctuant
  • Non-tender at late stage
  • Reddish
  • Bluish
- ↑ESR

↑CRP

Gram stains: Gram + filamentous rods

Sulfur granules

Filamentous organism

- Histological examination

Bacterial culture of the abcess

mandible osteomyelitis
Mycobacterial infections[5][6][7] Benign
  • More common in adults and children in endemic continent such as African
  • Recent travel to endemic regions
  • Exposure to TB patients
- -
  • Matted cervical nodes
  • Firm
  • Non-tender
  • Indurated
+ PPD: +

Sputum smear: presence of acid fast bacilli

Chronic necrotizing caseating calcified granuloma Neck Ultrasound: Multiple lymph nodes

Fusion tendency

Internal echoes

Culture for mycobacteria -
Streptococcal infection[8][9] Benign
  • More common in children and adolescents
  • Fever
  • Absence of cough
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Swollen pharynx
+ +
  • Tender anterior cervical nodes
  • Tonsillar exudates
- +
  • Rapid antigen detection tests: +/-
Follicular hyperplasia

Infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells

-
  • Throat culture
Acute rheumatic fever

Post-streptoccocal glomerulonephritis

Parasitic lymphadenopathy Toxoplasma gondii[10][11] Benign
  • 6 years and older adults are more affected in U.S.
  • Seen in Hot climates
  • Cats or birds feces exposure
  • Drinking unpasteurized milk
  • Undercooked food
  • Organ transplant recipients
+ -
  • Bilateral
  • Non-tender
  • Symmetrical
  • Non-fluctuant
- + Serology : + IgG and IgM

antibodies

Follicular hyperplasia MRI:

Multiple rings enhanced lesions

Serology

Immunofluorescence

MRI

CT scan

-
Sarcoidosis[12][13] Benign
  • More common in African American women aged 20 - 40 years.
  • Family history of sarcodosis,
  • Fatigue
  • Swelling and pain in the joints,
- -
  • Bilateral

tender LAD

  • Swollen
  • Non-tender parotid glands
  • Erythema nodosum,
  • Lupus pernios
+ ↑ESR

↑ACE

Non-necrotizing epithelioid granuloma CXR: B/L hilar adenopathy

MRI: B/L multiples enlarged cervical lymph nodes

Biopsy Heerfordt's syndrome: uveitis, facial nerve paralysis, parotitis
Amyloidosis Benign
  • Men are more affected than women.
  • Mean age: 55-60 years old
+ Biopsy
Sjögren syndrome[14] Benign
  • Female to male ratio: 9 to 1
  • May happen at any age
  • Mean age: 40-50
  • History of RA, SLE, and non-hodgkin B-cell lymphoma.
  • Dry mouth, dry eyes.
- +
  • Firm,
  • B/L enlarged parotid glands
  • Itchy
  • Rashes
  • Dry
+ ↑ESR

Anti-SSA/Ro

Anti-SSB/La

Cytopenia

Hyperactivity of B cells and lymphocytes which lead to infiltration of the exocrine glands. Biopsy
Castleman disease (angiofollicular lymphoproliferative disease)[15] Benign Mean age: 30-40 years Biopsy
Kikuchi disease (histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis)[16] Benign High prevalence in Japan

More common in young adults <30 years old

Fever

Flu-like prodrome

+ - Tender cervical node rashes + ↑ESR

Abnormal liver enzymes

leucopenia

Irregular paracortical areas of coagulative necrosis with abundant karyorrhectic debris - Biopsy Hashimoto thyroiditis
Kimura disease[17] Benign More common in Asian males. History of painless cervical lump - - Large

Non-tender cervical node

Ictching + ↑ eosinophils Conserved lymph node structure

Eosinophilic infiltration

High postcapillary venules

- Biospsy Nephrotic syndrom

Hypercoaguble state

Rosai-Dorfman disease[18][19] Benign More common in children Fever - - Non-tender enlarged cervical lymph nodes Erythema + ↑ESR

Polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia

- - - -
Kawasaki disease[20][21] Benign More common in children younger than 5 years old.

Highest incidence in Japan.

Most leading cause of acquired heart disease in U.S.

High fever

B/L conjunctivitis

Rash

Swelling of hands and feet

Inflammation of lips

Strawberry tongue

- - Large, single palpable cervical node Rashes

Desquamation of skin

+ ↑ESR

↑CRP

Inflammation of medium sized arteries and organs. Echocardiography:

Coronary artery

dilation

Coronary artery aneurysm

Clinical findings
Category Diseases Benign or Malignant Demography History Pain Dysphagia Mass exam Skin changes LAP Others Lab findings Histopathology Imaging Gold standard diagnosis Associated findings
Neoplasm Hypopharyngeal cancer[22][23][24] Malignant
  • More common in males
  • Age: 50-60 years old
  • Incidence: < 1/100,000 in U.S.
  • More common: Japan, India, Iran
  • Tobacco use
  • Abuse alcohol consumption
  • HPV infection
  • Lump in the neck
  • Odynophagia
  • Hoarseness
- +
  • Non tender cervical node
- + -
  • Spindle cells
  • Nuclear atypia
  • Basaloid cells
  • Abundant chromatin
Neck CT scan:
  • Soft tissue mass
  • Irregular thickening of mucosa
  • Necrotic region

MRI: Tumors are hypointense on T1 and hyperintense on T2

Biopsy -
Salivary gland neoplasm Pleomorphic adenoma[25] Benign More common in Females

Incidence increase with age.

Incidence : 2-3.5 cases per 100,000 population

History of swelling,

Dysphagia

Horseness

- + Palpable mass of deep lobe of parotid gland

Firm

Mobile

- - - Proliferation of epithelial cells and stromal matrix in the ducts. MRI:[26] Homogenous on T1

Abundant myxochondroid stroma on T2

Biopsy
Warthin's tumour[27][28] Benign Male to Female ratio : 4:1

More common in people aged 60 to 70 years old.

History of swollen salivary gland

Jaw pain

Tinnitus

- + Non tender

Mobile

Firm

Solitary

- - - Papillae

Fibrous capsule

Cystic spaces

Neck CT: Cystic lesion posteriorly within the parotid gland.

MRI: B/L lesions

Heterogeneous

Biopsy
Lymphoepithelioma +
Oncocytoma
Monomorphic adenoma
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Adenoid cystic carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Salivary duct carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Parathyroid tumors
Carotid body tumors
Paraganglioma
Schwannoma
Lymphoma
Liposarcoma
Lipoma
Glomus vagale, glomus jugulare tumors
Metastatic head and neck carcinoma
Other Hematoma
Arteriovenous fistula
Goiter
Category Diseases Benign Demography History Pain Dysphagia Mass exam Skin changes LAP Others Lab findings Histopathology Imaging Gold standard diagnosis Associated findings

References

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