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# [[Irritable bowel syndrome]] vs [[Crohn's disease]] vs [[Ulcerative colitis]] vs [[Infectious colitis]] vs [[Carcinoid|Carcinoids]]
# [[Irritable bowel syndrome]] vs [[Crohn's disease]] vs [[Ulcerative colitis]] vs [[Infectious colitis]] vs [[Carcinoid|Carcinoids]]


<small>
{|
{|
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
! rowspan="4" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Diseases
! rowspan="4" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Diseases
| colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |'''Clinical manifestations'''
| colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|'''Clinical manifestations'''
! colspan="5" rowspan="2" |Para-clinical findings
! colspan="7" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Para-clinical findings
| colspan="1" rowspan="4" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |'''Gold standard'''
| colspan="1" rowspan="4" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|'''Gold standard'''
! rowspan="4" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Additional findings
! rowspan="4" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Additional findings
|-
|-
| colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |'''Symptoms'''
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|'''Symptoms'''
! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Physical exam
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Physical examination
|-
|-
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Lab Findings
! colspan="3" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Lab Findings
! colspan="3" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Radiology
! colspan="3" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Imaging
! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Histopathology
! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Histopathology
|-  
|-  
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Productive cough
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Symptom 1
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Hemoptysis
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Symptom 2
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Weight loss
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Symptom 3
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |SOB
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Physical exam 1
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Fever
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Physical exam 2
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Physical exam 3
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Auscultation
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Lab 1
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Sputum analysis
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Lab 2
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Nodule
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Lab 3
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Nodule content
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Imaging 1
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other findings
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Imaging 2
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;|Imaging 3
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Pulmonary nodule|Pulmonary Nodule]](benign)
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Differential Diagnosis 1
<ref name="pmid23210008">{{cite journal |vauthors=Khan AN, Al-Jahdali HH, Irion KL, Arabi M, Koteyar SS |title=Solitary pulmonary nodule: A diagnostic algorithm in the light of current imaging technique |journal=Avicenna J Med |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=39–51 |date=October 2011 |pmid=23210008 |pmc=3507065 |doi=10.4103/2231-0770.90915 |url=}}</ref>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Asymptomatic
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Normal
* [[pleural friction rub]]
* [[egophony]]
* [[Rales|Crackling]] or bubbling
* [[Whispered pectoriloquy]]
* Absent [[breath sounds]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Single
* Round, oval
* <5 mm [[Nodule (medicine)|nodule]]
* [[Ground glass opacification on CT|Ground glass]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Fat]]
[[Calcification]]
Types:
* Central dense [[nidus]]
* Diffuse solid
* Laminated
* Popcorn
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* well-defined smooth border
* Growth rate > 18 months
* Cavity wall thickness of 1 mm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* N/A
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |N/A
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Oxygen saturation|↓ O2 Sat]]
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Lung cancer|Pulmonary Nodule (malignant)]]
<ref name="pmid23210008" /><ref name="pmid29780626">{{cite journal |vauthors=Li J, Xia T, Yang X, Dong X, Liang J, Zhong N, Guan Y |title=Malignant solitary pulmonary nodules: assessment of mass growth rate and doubling time at follow-up CT |journal=J Thorac Dis |volume=10 |issue=Suppl 7 |pages=S797–S806 |date=April 2018 |pmid=29780626 |pmc=5945695 |doi=10.21037/jtd.2018.04.25 |url=}}</ref>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | ++
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | ++
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | ++
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Non resolving [[pneumonia]]
* [[Wheeze|Wheezing]]
* [[Chest pain]]
* [[Cachexia]]
* [[Fatigue]]
* [[Anorexia|Loss of appetite]]
* [[Dysphonia]]
* [[Dysphagia]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Normal
* [[pleural friction rub]]
* [[egophony]]
* [[Rales|Crackling]] or bubbling
* [[Whispered pectoriloquy]]
* Absent [[breath sounds]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Cancer|Tumor cells]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Single or multiple
* Small or > 2 cm of size
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Calcification]]
* Amorphous
* Punctate
* Reticular
* Stippled or eccentric
[[Cavity]]
[[Ulcer|Ulceration]]
*
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Spiculated border
* Rapid growth rate (Doubling time 1-18 months)
* [[Cavity]] wall thickness over 15 mm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Central [[necrosis]] 
* [[Cavity]] lined by viable [[cancer cells]] without [[necrosis]] 
* 
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Biopsy]] and [[histopathology]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Oxygen saturation|↓ O2 Sat]]
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
!Diseases
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Productive cough
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Hemoptysis
!Weight loss
!SOB
!Fever
!Other
!Auscultation
!Sputum analysis
!Nodule
!Content
!Other findings
!Histopathology
|'''Gold standard'''
!Additional findings
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Lung abscess|Abscess]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Differential Diagnosis 2
<ref name="pmid26366400">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kuhajda I, Zarogoulidis K, Tsirgogianni K, Tsavlis D, Kioumis I, Kosmidis C, Tsakiridis K, Mpakas A, Zarogoulidis P, Zissimopoulos A, Baloukas D, Kuhajda D |title=Lung abscess-etiology, diagnostic and treatment options |journal=Ann Transl Med |volume=3 |issue=13 |pages=183 |date=August 2015 |pmid=26366400 |pmc=4543327 |doi=10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.07.08 |url=}}</ref>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | ++
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | ++
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Pleuritic chest pain|Pleuritic]] [[chest pain]]
* [[Sputum|Foul smelling sputum]]
* [[Sleep hyperhidrosis|Night sweats]]
* [[Fatigue]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Decreased [[Breath sounds|breath sound]]
* Bronchial [[Breath sounds|breath sound]]
* [[Crackles|Inspiratory crackles]]
* [[Crepitations|Localised crepitations]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Microorganism|Causative agents]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Vary in size
* Round in shape
*
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Fluid/gas-fluid level]]
* Surrounding area [[Consolidation (medicine)|consolidation]]
* [[Cavity]] persists longer than [[Consolidation (medicine)|consolidation]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |.
* The wall of the [[abscess]] is typically thick and the [[luminal]] surface irregular
* [[Bronchial vessels|Bronchial vessels and]] [[Bronchus|bronchi]] are truncated
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Centrally, [[Necrosis|necrotic tissue]] mixed with [[Necrosis|necrotic granulocytes]] and [[bacteria]]
* [[Neutropenia|Neutrophilic]] [[Granulocyte|granulocytes]] with [[Dilation|dilated]] [[Blood vessel|blood vessels]]
* [[Inflammation|Inflammatory]] [[Edema|oedema]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Histopathology]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Clubbing|Clubbing of finger]]
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Septic emboli|Septic pulmonary]]
[[Septic emboli|emboli]]
<ref name="pmid21686732">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chang E, Lee KH, Yang KY, Lee YC, Perng RP |title=Septic pulmonary embolism associated with a peri-proctal abscess in an immunocompetent host |journal=BMJ Case Rep |volume=2009 |issue= |pages= |date=2009 |pmid=21686732 |pmc=3029652 |doi=10.1136/bcr.07.2008.0592 |url=}}</ref>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | ++
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | ++
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Chest pain]]
* Focus of primary infection (Most common, right heart [[endocarditis]])
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[S2|Prominent P2 component of second heart sound]]
* Decreased [[Breath sounds|breath sound]]
* [[Rales]]
* [[Crackles]]
* [[Pleural friction rub]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |N/A
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Multiple peripheral [[Nodule (medicine)|nodules]]
* Size 0.5– 3.5 cm
* Variable shapes
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Central low attenuation
* Feeding [[Blood vessel|vessels]]
* Pleura based wedge-shaped lesions
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Air bronchogram
* [[Abscess]] or infection related changes at the primary focus
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* N/A
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Culture media|Culture]] and [[Sensitivity (tests)|sensitivity]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |N/A
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Mycosis|Fungal]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Differential Diagnosis 3
[[Mycosis|infection]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
 
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
<ref name="ChongLee2006">{{cite journal|last1=Chong|first1=Semin|last2=Lee|first2=Kyung Soo|last3=Yi|first3=Chin A|last4=Chung|first4=Myung Jin|last5=Kim|first5=Tae Sung|last6=Han|first6=Joungho|title=Pulmonary fungal infection: Imaging findings in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients|journal=European Journal of Radiology|volume=59|issue=3|year=2006|pages=371–383|issn=0720048X|doi=10.1016/j.ejrad.2006.04.017}}</ref>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +/-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Chest pain]]
* [[Hypersensitivity]] or [[Allergy|allergic reactions]]
* History of travel
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Decreased [[Breath sounds|breath sound]]
* [[Rales]]
* [[Crackles]]
* [[Pleural friction rub]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |KOH stain: Fungi
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Multiple nodules
* Size 0.5– 3 cm
* nodules surrounded by ground-glass opacity/halo
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Cavity
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Halo sign in [[aspergillosis]]
* Patchy infiltrate
* Consolidation
* [[Mediastinal lymphadenopathy|Mediastinal adenopathy]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Specific causative agent
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Culture and sensitivity]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |N/A
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Parasitism|Parasites]]
<ref name="pmid20880867">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kunst H, Mack D, Kon OM, Banerjee AK, Chiodini P, Grant A |title=Parasitic infections of the lung: a guide for the respiratory physician |journal=Thorax |volume=66 |issue=6 |pages=528–36 |date=June 2011 |pmid=20880867 |doi=10.1136/thx.2009.132217 |url=}}</ref>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +/-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +/-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +/-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |_
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Asymptomatic]]
* [[Chest pain]]
* [[Pneumothorax]]
* [[Wheeze]]
* [[Urticaria]]
* Rarely, [[anaphylaxis]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Decreased [[Breath sounds|breath sound]]
* Rales
* [[Crackles]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |N/A
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Cyst|Cysts]]: Single or multiple well-defined homogenous
* [[Pulmonary nodule|Coin lesion]]: 1–3 cm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Cyst]]:
* Fluid or gas
* [[Parasitic worm|Worm]]
[[Pulmonary nodule|Coin lesion]]:
* Central [[Necrosis|necrotic]] area surrounded by [[Granuloma|granulomatous]] reaction and fibrous wall
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Calcification|Calcified cyst wall]]
* [[Consolidation (medicine)|Consolidation]]
* [[Pleural effusion]]
* [[Parasitic worm|Worm]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Presence of [[larvae]] or eggs
*
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Visualization of [[Parasites|parasite]], egg or larvae
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |N/A
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
!Diseases
!Diseases
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Productive cough
!Symptom 1
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Hemoptysis
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Symptom 2
!Weight loss
!Symptom 3
!SOB
!Physical exam 1
!Fever
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Physical exam 2
!Other
!Physical exam 3
!Auscultation
!Lab 1
!Sputum analysis
!Lab 2
!Nodule
!Lab 3
!Content
!Imaging 1
!Other findings
!Imaging 2
!Imaging 3
!Histopathology
!Histopathology
|'''Gold standard'''
|'''Gold standard'''
!Additional findings
!Additional findings
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Tuberculosis|Mycobacterial infections]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Differential Diagnosis 4
<ref name="pmid25861338">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ryu YJ |title=Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis: recent advances and diagnostic algorithms |journal=Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) |volume=78 |issue=2 |pages=64–71 |date=April 2015 |pmid=25861338 |pmc=4388902 |doi=10.4046/trd.2015.78.2.64 |url=}}</ref><ref name="Mandell">{{cite book | last = Mandell | first = Gerald | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2010 | isbn = 0443068399 }}</ref>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | ++
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +/-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Chronic cough]]
* [[Sleep hyperhidrosis|Night sweats]]
* [[Dyspnea]]
* [[Wheeze|Wheezing]]
* [[Cachexia]]
* [[Fatigue]]
* [[Anorexia|Loss of appetite]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Decreased breath sounds]]
* [[Rales]]
* [[Rhonchi]]
* Bronchial breath sounds
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |AFB+
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Micronodules in the [[subpleural]] region and peribronchovascular interstitium
* Fluffy upper zone shadowing
* [[Cavity]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Superinfected]] [[Cavity|cavities]] shows air-fluid level
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Fluffy upper zone shadowing
* Interlobular septal thickening
* Homogeneous and dense [[Consolidation (medicine)|consolidation]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Granuloma|Granulomas]]: [[necrotizing]] or non-necrotizing
* [[Langhans giant cell|Langhans giant cells]]
* [[Caseous necrosis]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Growth medium|Culture]] and [[Sensitivity (tests)|sensitivity]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |N/A
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Chronic inflammatory conditions
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Differential Diagnosis 5
[[Granulomatosis with polyangiitis|(Granulomatosis with polyangiitis)]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
 
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
<ref name="pmid27195187">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kubaisi B, Abu Samra K, Foster CS |title=Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's disease): An updated review of ocular disease manifestations |journal=Intractable Rare Dis Res |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=61–9 |date=May 2016 |pmid=27195187 |pmc=4869584 |doi=10.5582/irdr.2016.01014 |url=}}</ref>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +/-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Hoarseness]]
* [[Chest pain]]
* [[Stridor]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Pleural friction rub]]
* Absent breath sound
* [[Crackles]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |N/A
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Multiple round lesions
* Size 0.5 to 10 cm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Patchy or diffuse ground-glass opacities, or both
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Cavity]]
* Thick wall
* Irregular inner contour
* [[Atelectasis]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Pathologic triad of [[Granuloma|granulomatous]] [[inflammation]], [[vasculitis]], and [[necrosis]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Biopsy]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody|c-ANCA]]
[[Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody|p-ANCA]]
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
!Diseases
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Productive cough
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Hemoptysis
!Weight loss
! SOB
! Fever
!Other
!Auscultation
!Sputum analysis
!Nodule
!Content
!Other findings
!Histopathology
|'''Gold standard'''
!Additional findings
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Arteriovenous malformation|Pulmonary AVMs]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Differential Diagnosis 6
<ref name="pmid11930021">{{cite journal |vauthors=Khurshid I, Downie GH |title=Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation |journal=Postgrad Med J |volume=78 |issue=918 |pages=191–7 |date=April 2002 |pmid=11930021 |pmc=1742331 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +/-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Epistaxis]]
* [[Palpitation]]
* [[Chest pain]]
* [[Gastrointestinal bleeding|GI bleeding]]
* [[Telangiectasia|Mucocutaneous telangiectasia]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Bruit]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Red blood cell|RBCs]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Solitary or multiple nodules
* Round, oval, or polycyclic
* Size 1 to 5 cm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Feeding [[Pulmonary artery|pulmonary arteries]] and draining [[pulmonary veins]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Well-defined borders
* [[Lung|Lower and middle third of the lung]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Not recommended
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Pulmonary angiography]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |N/A
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Pneumoconiosis]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Chest pain]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Fine [[crackles]]
* [[Rhonchi]]
* Bronchial breath sounds
* Expiratory [[wheezing]]
* [[Egophony]]
* [[Bronchophony]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Inorganic compound|Inorganic particle]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Solitary or multiple nodules
* Size 1 - 10 cm
* In the upper lobes
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* N/A
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Massive [[fibrosis]] or [[conglomerate]] masses
* Small [[Nodule (medicine)|nodular]] [[opacities]]
* [[lymphadenopathy]] [[Calcification|eggshell calcification]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Calcification]]
* [[Necrosis|Central necrosis]]
* Dense [[collagen]]
* [[Cancer|Malignant cells]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Computed tomography|CT scan]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |N/A
|}
|}
</small>
'''<small>ABBREVIATIONS''':


'''N/A''': Not available , '''SOB''': Shortness of breath </small><small><nowiki/></small><small><nowiki/></small>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}

Revision as of 15:32, 29 January 2019


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Trusha Tank, M.D.[2]

  1. Bowel endometriosis vs Hemorrhoids vs Diverticular diseases vs Anal fissure vs Ulcerative colitis vs Crohn's disease
  2. Colorectal carcinoma (Adenocarcinoma) vs Peutz-Jeghers syndrome vs Juvenile Polyposis Coli vs Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors vs Hamartoma vs Colorectal Lymphoma
  3. Strangulated hernia vs Appendicitis vs Crohn's disease
  4. Irritable bowel syndrome vs Crohn's disease vs Ulcerative colitis vs Infectious colitis vs Carcinoids
Diseases Clinical manifestations Para-clinical findings Gold standard Additional findings
Symptoms Physical examination
Lab Findings Imaging Histopathology
Symptom 1 Symptom 2 Symptom 3 Physical exam 1 Physical exam 2 Physical exam 3 Lab 1 Lab 2 Lab 3 Imaging 1 Imaging 2 Imaging 3
Differential Diagnosis 1
Differential Diagnosis 2
Differential Diagnosis 3
Diseases Symptom 1 Symptom 2 Symptom 3 Physical exam 1 Physical exam 2 Physical exam 3 Lab 1 Lab 2 Lab 3 Imaging 1 Imaging 2 Imaging 3 Histopathology Gold standard Additional findings
Differential Diagnosis 4
Differential Diagnosis 5
Differential Diagnosis 6


References

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