Meckel's diverticulum epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sudarshana Datta, MD [2]

Overview

Meckel's diverticulum is present in approximately 2% of the population, with males more frequently experiencing symptoms.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

• The incidence/prevalence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
• In [year], the incidence/prevalence of [disease name] was estimated to be [number range] cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.

Prevalence

• The incidence/prevalence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
• In [year], the incidence/prevalence of [disease name] was estimated to be [number range] cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
• The prevalence of [disease/malignancy] is estimated to be [number] cases annually.

Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate

• In [year], the incidence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [number range]%.
• The case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [disease name] is approximately [number range].

Age

• Patients of all age groups may develop [disease name].
• The incidence of [disease name] increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is [#] years.
• [Disease name] commonly affects individuals younger than/older than [number of years] years of age.
• [Chronic disease name] is usually first diagnosed among [age group].
• [Acute disease name] commonly affects [age group].

Race

• There is no racial predilection to [disease name].
• [Disease name] usually affects individuals of the [race 1] race. [Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop [disease name].

Gender

• [Disease name] affects men and women equally.
• [Gender 1] are more commonly affected by [disease name] than [gender 2]. The [gender 1] to [gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.

Region

• The majority of [disease name] cases are reported in [geographical region].

• [Disease name] is a common/rare disease that tends to affect [patient population 1] and [patient population 2].

Developing Countries

• Most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract
• No genetic component
• Rule of 2s:
  • occurs in approximately 2 percent of the population: range from 0.2-4%
  • male-to-female ratio of 2:1
  • is located within two feet from the ileocecal valve
  • two inches in length
  • <2yrs
  • 2 types of mucosa mostly: gastric> pancreatic
  • Complications are only seen in about 5%
  • 2 feet (proximal to the ileocecal valve)
  • 2 inches (in length)
  • 2 types of common ectopic tissue (gastric and pancreatic)
  • 2 years is the most common age at clinical presentation

Prevalence:

Prevalence of MD- 2 percent of the general population

Increased prevalence in children with:

Umbilical malformations

GI tract defects

Neurological and cardiovascular defects

Slightly more than half (60%) were symptomatic and the remainder were incidental in children

GENDER:

2:1 M:F

males are as much as 3-4 times more prone to complications than females

Race

The ethnic distribution of symptomatic Meckel diverticulum was 63.4% white, 4.7% African-American, 16.4% Hispanic, 3.9% Asian, and 11.6% other.

The classic presentation in children is considered to be painless rectal bleeding in a toddler younger than 2 years., the largest group (slightly more than 30%) were younger than one year.

Younger children have been reported to usually present with hematochezia and adults with obstruction,

common presentations:

(30%) for obstruction

bleeding (27%)

(19%) intussusception

Neonatal period:

most common manifestations

bowel obstruction (58.3%)

pneumoperitoneum (33.3%)

In adults,

obstruction

inflammation

lower GI bleeding