Mastoiditis epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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=== Incidence ===
=== Incidence ===
Mastoiditis incidence is 1.2–6.1 per 100,000 inhabitants in developed countries. <ref name="pmid11852127">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vassbotn FS, Klausen OG, Lind O, Moller P |title=Acute mastoiditis in a Norwegian population: a 20 year retrospective study |journal=Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. |volume=62 |issue=3 |pages=237–42 |year=2002 |pmid=11852127 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
Mastoiditis [[incidence]] is 1.2–6.1 per 100,000 inhabitants in developed countries.<ref name="pmid11852127">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vassbotn FS, Klausen OG, Lind O, Moller P |title=Acute mastoiditis in a Norwegian population: a 20 year retrospective study |journal=Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. |volume=62 |issue=3 |pages=237–42 |year=2002 |pmid=11852127 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
Serious progressions appear more frequently in young children. The rising incidence is connected to restrained antibiotic therapy of AOM, inadequate dosing, choice of antibiotics, and increasing resistance of bacteria <ref name="pmid18304656">{{cite journal |vauthors=Geva A, Oestreicher-Kedem Y, Fishman G, Landsberg R, DeRowe A |title=Conservative management of acute mastoiditis in children |journal=Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. |volume=72 |issue=5 |pages=629–34 |year=2008 |pmid=18304656 |doi=10.1016/j.ijporl.2008.01.013 |url=}}</ref>
Serious progressions appear more frequently in young children. The rising incidence is connected to inadequate [[antibiotic]] dosing in [[otitis media]], choice of [[antibiotics]], and increasing [[resistance]] of bacteria.<ref name="pmid18304656">{{cite journal |vauthors=Geva A, Oestreicher-Kedem Y, Fishman G, Landsberg R, DeRowe A |title=Conservative management of acute mastoiditis in children |journal=Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. |volume=72 |issue=5 |pages=629–34 |year=2008 |pmid=18304656 |doi=10.1016/j.ijporl.2008.01.013 |url=}}</ref>


=== Age ===
=== Age ===
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**Large proportion of children under 5 years old in population.
**Large proportion of children under 5 years old in population.
**Higher chance of water [[contamination]]
**Higher chance of water [[contamination]]
:
The incidence of acute mastoiditis in Colorado children <2 years of age exhibited a dynamic pattern from 1999 to 2008: a significant decline early after introduction of PCV7 that paralleled initial vaccine uptake, followed by an increase in subsequent years to pre-PCV7 levels. Replacement with non-PCV7 pneumococcal serotypes and increased pneumococcal antibiotic resistance may be responsible for the increase in incidence to pre-PCV7 rates. Surveillance of mastoiditis incidence, pathogen distribution and resistance patterns following introduction of 13-valent PCV is warranted. COLORADO
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}

Revision as of 16:10, 30 June 2017

Mastoiditis Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

Mastoiditis incidence is 1.2–6.1 per 100,000 inhabitants in developed countries.[1] Serious progressions appear more frequently in young children. The rising incidence is connected to inadequate antibiotic dosing in otitis media, choice of antibiotics, and increasing resistance of bacteria.[2]

Age

  • Acute mastoiditis is most common in children under two years of age. [3]
  • The most common ages affected are 6–13 months, because in these ages ear infections are most common.[3]

Gender

  • Males and women are affected equally by mastoiditis.

Race

  • There is no racial predilection for mastoiditis.

Developing Countries

  • Otitis media is most prevalent in developing countries, specifically Sub-Saharan West Africa, Southeast Asia, and Oceania.[4]
    • The incidence of otitis media in the above countries is between two and eight times higher than the rest of the world.
  • The following risk factors are more prevalent in developing countries, correlated to the increase in otitis media incidence:[5]

References

  1. ↑ Vassbotn FS, Klausen OG, Lind O, Moller P (2002). "Acute mastoiditis in a Norwegian population: a 20 year retrospective study". Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. 62 (3): 237–42. PMID 11852127.
  2. ↑ Geva A, Oestreicher-Kedem Y, Fishman G, Landsberg R, DeRowe A (2008). "Conservative management of acute mastoiditis in children". Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. 72 (5): 629–34. doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2008.01.013. PMID 18304656.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Groth A, Enoksson F, Hultcrantz M, Stalfors J, Stenfeldt K, Hermansson A (2012). "Acute mastoiditis in children aged 0-16 years--a national study of 678 cases in Sweden comparing different age groups". Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. 76 (10): 1494–500. doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.07.002. PMID 22832239.
  4. ↑ Qureishi A, Lee Y, Belfield K, Birchall JP, Daniel M (2014). "Update on otitis media - prevention and treatment". Infect Drug Resist. 7: 15–24. doi:10.2147/IDR.S39637. PMC 3894142. PMID 24453496.
  5. ↑ Lowy, Franklin D.; Zhang, Yan; Xu, Min; Zhang, Jin; Zeng, Lingxia; Wang, Yanfei; Zheng, Qing Yin (2014). "Risk Factors for Chronic and Recurrent Otitis Media–A Meta-Analysis". PLoS ONE. 9 (1): e86397. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0086397. ISSN 1932-6203.

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