Sandbox: spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: Difference between revisions
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It is defined as the translocation of either bacteria or bacterial products such as lipopolysacharides (LPS), bacterial DNA, peptidoglycans, muramyl-dipeptides from gut into mesenteric lymph nodes.<ref name="pmid154474">Berg RD, Garlington AW (1979) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=154474 Translocation of certain indigenous bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract to the mesenteric lymph nodes and other organs in a gnotobiotic mouse model.] ''Infect Immun'' 23 (2):403-11. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/154474 154474]</ref> | It is defined as the translocation of either bacteria or bacterial products such as lipopolysacharides (LPS), bacterial DNA, peptidoglycans, muramyl-dipeptides from gut into mesenteric lymph nodes.<ref name="pmid154474">Berg RD, Garlington AW (1979) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=154474 Translocation of certain indigenous bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract to the mesenteric lymph nodes and other organs in a gnotobiotic mouse model.] ''Infect Immun'' 23 (2):403-11. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/154474 154474]</ref> | ||
'''Physiological:''' | '''Physiological:''' It is the normal bacterial translocation in healthy individuals due to lack of pro-inflammatory responses against commensal bacteria. Physiological translocation is crucial for the development of host immunity response. | ||
'''Pathological:''' It is developed due to abnormal increase in physiological translocation in both rate and degree by breaking the normal immunological barriers. | |||
'''Barriers that limit pathological transmission:''' | |||
* Mediators that limit direct contact between the intestinal bacteria and the epithelial cell surface | |||
* A layer of immunological protection that rapidly detects pathogenic organism and killing of bacteria that manage to penetrate | |||
* Immune barrier that prevent or minimize pathogen to expose systemic immunity from local immune system such as lymph nodes. | |||
Breaking these immune barriers can progress physiological BT into pathological BT. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 16:28, 26 January 2017
Pathogenesis
Bacterial Translocation
It is defined as the translocation of either bacteria or bacterial products such as lipopolysacharides (LPS), bacterial DNA, peptidoglycans, muramyl-dipeptides from gut into mesenteric lymph nodes.[1]
Physiological: It is the normal bacterial translocation in healthy individuals due to lack of pro-inflammatory responses against commensal bacteria. Physiological translocation is crucial for the development of host immunity response.
Pathological: It is developed due to abnormal increase in physiological translocation in both rate and degree by breaking the normal immunological barriers.
Barriers that limit pathological transmission:
- Mediators that limit direct contact between the intestinal bacteria and the epithelial cell surface
- A layer of immunological protection that rapidly detects pathogenic organism and killing of bacteria that manage to penetrate
- Immune barrier that prevent or minimize pathogen to expose systemic immunity from local immune system such as lymph nodes.
Breaking these immune barriers can progress physiological BT into pathological BT.
References
- ↑ Berg RD, Garlington AW (1979) Translocation of certain indigenous bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract to the mesenteric lymph nodes and other organs in a gnotobiotic mouse model. Infect Immun 23 (2):403-11. PMID: 154474