Prostate cancer natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 19:12, 27 August 2015
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Between 2004 and 2010, the 5-year relative survival of patients with prostate cancer was 99.6%.[1] In patients who undergo treatment, the most important clinical prognostic indicators of disease outcome are stage, pre-therapy PSA level and Gleason score. In general, the higher the grade and the stage, the poorer the prognosis. Nomograms can be used to calculate the estimated risk of the individual patient. The predictions are based on the experience of large groups of patients suffering from cancers at various stages.[2]
Prognosis
- In Japan, death from prostate cancer was one-fifth to one-half the rates in the United States and Europe in the 1990s.[3] In India in the 1990s, half of the people with prostate cancer confined to the prostate died within ten years.[4] African-American men have 50–60 times more prostate cancer and prostate cancer deaths than men in Shanghai, China.[5] In Nigeria, two percent of men develop prostate cancer and 64% of them are dead after two years.[6]
- In patients who undergo treatment, the most important clinical prognostic indicators of disease outcome are stage, pre-therapy PSA level and Gleason score. In general, the higher the grade and the stage, the poorer the prognosis. Nomograms can be used to calculate the estimated risk of the individual patient. The predictions are based on the experience of large groups of patients suffering from cancers at various stages.[7]
5-Year Survival
- Between 2004 and 2010, the 5-year relative survival of patients with prostate cancer was 99.6%.[1]
- When stratified by age, the 5-year relative survival of patients with prostate cancer was 99.1% and 98.8% for patients <65 and ≥ 65 years of age respectively.[1]
- The survival of patients with (insert disease name here) varies with the stage of the disease. Shown below is a table depicting the 5-year relative survival by the stage of prostate cancer:[1]
| Stage | 5-year relative survival (%), (2004-2010) |
| All stages | 98.9% |
| Localized | 100% |
| Regional | 100% |
| Distant | 28% |
| Unstaged | 73.9% |
- Shown below is an image depicting the 5-year conditional relative survival (probability of surviving in the next 5-years given the cohort has already survived 0, 1, 3 years) between 2004 and 2010 of prostate cancer by stage at diagnosis according to SEER. These graphs are adapted from SEER: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.
- ↑ Di Blasio CJ, Rhee AC, Cho D, Scardino PT, Kattan MW (2003). "Predicting clinical end points: treatment nomograms in prostate cancer". Semin Oncol. 30 (5): 567–86. doi:10.1016/S0093-7754(03)00351-8. PMID 14571407.
- ↑ Wakai, K (2005). "Descriptive epidemiology of prostate cancer in Japan and Western countries". Nippon Rinsho. 63 (2): 207–12. PMID 15714967. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) Review. Template:Ja icon - ↑ Yeole, BB (2001). "Population based survival from prostate cancer in Mumbai (Bombay), India". Indian J Cancer. 38 (2–4): 126–32. PMID 1259345. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (help) - ↑ Hsing, AW (2000). "International trends and patterns of prostate cancer incidence and mortality". Int J Cancer. 85 (1): 60–7. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(20000101)85:1<60::AID-IJC11>3.0.CO;2-B. PMID 10585584. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (help) - ↑ Osegbe, DN (1997). "Prostate cancer in Nigerians: facts and nonfacts". J Urol. 157 (4): 1340–3. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(01)64966-8. PMID 9120935. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Di Blasio CJ, Rhee AC, Cho D, Scardino PT, Kattan MW (2003). "Predicting clinical end points: treatment nomograms in prostate cancer". Semin Oncol. 30 (5): 567–86. doi:10.1016/S0093-7754(03)00351-8. PMID 14571407.