Carcinoma of the penis differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
Carcinoma of the penis must be differentiated from:<ref>Precancerous conditions of the penis. Canadian Cancer Society 2015. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/penile/penile-cancer/precancerous-conditions/?region=ab Accessed on September, 30 2015 </ref><ref>Differential diagnoses of penile cancer. Oncology Encyclopedia 2015.http://oncolex.org/penile-cancer/background/differentialdiagnoses Accessed on September, 30 2015 </ref> | Carcinoma of the penis must be differentiated from:<ref>Precancerous conditions of the penis. Canadian Cancer Society 2015. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/penile/penile-cancer/precancerous-conditions/?region=ab Accessed on September, 30 2015 </ref><ref>Differential diagnoses of penile cancer. Oncology Encyclopedia 2015.http://oncolex.org/penile-cancer/background/differentialdiagnoses Accessed on September, 30 2015 </ref> | ||
* [[Condyloma acuminata]] | *Noncancerous conditions | ||
:** | :*[[Condyloma acuminata]] | ||
:**A common sexually transmitted disease caused by a virus belonging to the human papilloma virus (HPV) group | |||
:**Lesions normally grow as a papilloma and are usually found on the glans, prepuce, or shaft of the penis | :**Lesions normally grow as a papilloma and are usually found on the glans, prepuce, or shaft of the penis | ||
:**Lesions are benign, caused by low-risk HPV 6/11 | :**Lesions are benign, caused by low-risk HPV 6/11 | ||
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* Precancerous conditions | * Precancerous conditions | ||
:* Penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN) | :* Penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN) | ||
:** most common precancerous condition of the penis | |||
:**General term used to describe precancerous conditions of the penis that may develop into invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) if they are not treated | |||
:**Refers to abnormal cell changes, called carcinoma in situ, that occur on the skin surface of the penis | |||
:**PeIN on the glans (head) or foreskin of the penis is also called erythroplasia of Queyrat | |||
:**PeIN on the shaft of the penis is also called Bowen’s disease | |||
:* [[Balanitis xerotica obliterans]] (BXO) also known as lichen sclerosis | :* [[Balanitis xerotica obliterans]] (BXO) also known as lichen sclerosis | ||
:**A precancerous skin condition localized to the glans and the prepuce | :**A precancerous skin condition localized to the glans and the prepuce | ||
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:**A radical circumcision should therefore be performed for this disease | :**A radical circumcision should therefore be performed for this disease | ||
:* Buschke-Lowenstein tumour | :* Buschke-Lowenstein tumour | ||
:*Bowen's Disease | |||
:**Undifferentiated PeIN | |||
:**Manifests as a solitary, pigmented, scaly or scab-covered area | |||
:**Affects the penis shaft, scrotum, perineum, and the suprapubic area | |||
:* [[Bowenoid papulosis]] | :* [[Bowenoid papulosis]] | ||
:**Multiple, slightly elevated, red to violet or brownish papules, on the penis shaft and scrotum | :**Multiple, slightly elevated, red to violet or brownish papules, on the penis shaft and scrotum | ||
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:**Develops in the meatus | :**Develops in the meatus | ||
:**Biopsy is necessary to exclude cancer and intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN) | :**Biopsy is necessary to exclude cancer and intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN) | ||
:*Erythroplasia of Queyrat | |||
:**Grows on the glans and the prepuce | |||
:**Presents as a well-defined, red patch | |||
:**Undifferentiated PeIN | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 19:38, 1 April 2019
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Carcinoma of the penis must be differentiated from condyloma acuminata, penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN), balanitis xerotica obliterans, buschke-Lowenstein tumour, bowenoid papulosis, and leukoplakia.
Differential Diagnosis
Carcinoma of the penis must be differentiated from:[1][2]
- Noncancerous conditions
- Condyloma acuminata
- A common sexually transmitted disease caused by a virus belonging to the human papilloma virus (HPV) group
- Lesions normally grow as a papilloma and are usually found on the glans, prepuce, or shaft of the penis
- Lesions are benign, caused by low-risk HPV 6/11
- Mixed infections with high-risk HPV types are relatively common
- Progression to malignancy is rare.
- Condyloma acuminata
- Precancerous conditions
- Penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN)
- most common precancerous condition of the penis
- General term used to describe precancerous conditions of the penis that may develop into invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) if they are not treated
- Refers to abnormal cell changes, called carcinoma in situ, that occur on the skin surface of the penis
- PeIN on the glans (head) or foreskin of the penis is also called erythroplasia of Queyrat
- PeIN on the shaft of the penis is also called Bowen’s disease
- Balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) also known as lichen sclerosis
- A precancerous skin condition localized to the glans and the prepuce
- Presents as white atrophic patches
- The secondary development of phimosis inhibits washing and prevents early diagnostics of possible malignancy development on the glans or inside of the prepuce
- A radical circumcision should therefore be performed for this disease
- Buschke-Lowenstein tumour
- Bowen's Disease
- Undifferentiated PeIN
- Manifests as a solitary, pigmented, scaly or scab-covered area
- Affects the penis shaft, scrotum, perineum, and the suprapubic area
- Bowenoid papulosis
- Multiple, slightly elevated, red to violet or brownish papules, on the penis shaft and scrotum
- Very rare, is preferably seen young men
- May regress without treatment
- Caused by high-risk HPV, most commonly HPV 16
- Histologically cannot be separated from undifferentiated PeIN
- Leukoplakia
- Rare
- Appear as a white hypertrophic or atrophic patch and usually occur secondary to chronic irritation
- Develops in the meatus
- Biopsy is necessary to exclude cancer and intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN)
- Erythroplasia of Queyrat
- Grows on the glans and the prepuce
- Presents as a well-defined, red patch
- Undifferentiated PeIN
- Penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN)
References
- ↑ Precancerous conditions of the penis. Canadian Cancer Society 2015. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/penile/penile-cancer/precancerous-conditions/?region=ab Accessed on September, 30 2015
- ↑ Differential diagnoses of penile cancer. Oncology Encyclopedia 2015.http://oncolex.org/penile-cancer/background/differentialdiagnoses Accessed on September, 30 2015