Hypercalciuria: Difference between revisions

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  | MeshID        = D053565
  | MeshID        = D053565
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{{SI}}
{{Hypercalciuria}}


{{CMG}}; {{AOEIC}} {{LG}}
{{CMG}}; {{AOEIC}} {{LG}} [[User:Raviteja Reddy Guddeti|Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S.]] [mailto:ravitheja.g@gmail.com]


==Overview==
{{SK}} Hypercalcuria; calcium levels raised (urine); hypercalcinuria
Hypercalciuria refers to elevated [[calcium]] in the urine. Chronic hypercalciuria may lead to impairment
of renal function, [[nephrocalcinosis]], and [[renal insufficiency]].


== Differential Diagnosis of Causes of {{PAGENAME}} ==
==[[Hypercalciuria overview|Overview]]==


==Most common==
==[[Hypercalciuria historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
* [[Primary Hyperparathyroidism]]
* [[Renal tubular acidosis]]
* Immobility
* Excess [[Vitamin-D]] intake
* Excess dietary [[Calcium]]
* [[Cushing's disease]]
* [[Osteoporosis]]
* [[Loop diuretics]]
* [[Sarcoidosis]]
* [[Rickets]]


==[[Hypercalciuria pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==


==[[Hypercalciuria causes|Causes]]==


===By Organ System===
==[[Hypercalciuria differential diagnosis|Differentiating Hypercalciuria from other Diseases]]==
{|height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Vitamin D]], [[Lithium]], [[Calcitriol]] toxicity, [[Ethinyl estradiol]] and [[drospirnone]], [[Furosemide]], [[Glucocorticoids]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cushing syndrome]], Primary [[Hyperparathyroidism]], [[Hyperthyroidism]], [[Multiple endocrine neoplasia]], Neonatal severe primary [[hyperparathyroidism]], [[Parathyroid carcinoma]], [[Pituitary tumour (growth hormone secreting)]], [[Primary parathyroid hyperplasia]], [[Solitary parathyroid adenoma]], [[Acromegaly]], [[Autosomal dominant hypoparathyroidism]], [[Congenital hypothyroidism]], [[Osteoporosis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Dehydration]], [[Immobility]], [[Zero gravity]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Wilson disease]], [[Ulcerative colitis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[hypoparathyroidism|Autosomal dominant hypoparathyroidism]], [[chondrodysplasia|Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, Jansen type]], [[Hypophosphatasia]], [[hyperparathyroidism|Neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism]], [[Wilson disease]],  [[X-linked recessive nephrolithiasis type 1]], [[Autosomal dominant hypocalcemia]], Autosomal recessive Familial [[hypomagnesemia]] with [[Hypercalciuria]] and [[nephrocalcinosis]], [[Congenital hypothyroidism]], [[Dent disease]], [[Lowe's syndrome]], [[Osteogenesis Imperfecta]], [[Williams syndrome]], [[Bartter syndrome]], [[Hereditary hypophosatemic rickets]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Leukemia]], [[Lymphoma]], [[Multiple myeloma]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Histoplasmosis]], [[Tuberculous granulomas]], [[Acute pyelonephritis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[chondrodysplasia|Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, Jansen type]], [[Fractures]], [[McCune-Albright syndrome]], [[Osteoporosis]], [[Paget disease of bone]], [[Osteogenesis Imperfecta]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acromegaly]], [[Wilson disease]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Bone metastases]], [[Leukemia]], [[Lymphoma]], [[Multiple myeloma]], [[Reticulum cell sarcoma]], [[Parathyroid carcinoma]], [[Pituitary tumour (growth hormone secreting)]], [[Solitary parathyroid adenoma]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Opthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Wilson disease]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Dent disease]], [[X-linked recessive nephrolithiasis type 1]], [[Hypokalaemic distal renal tubular acidosis]], [[Proximal renal tubular acidosis]], [[Acute pyelonephritis]], [[Aminoaciduria]], [[Bartter syndrome]], [[Chronic hypokalemia]], [[Cystinosis]], [[Fanconi syndrome]], [[Glycogen storage disease type 1a]], [[Hartnup disease]], [[Hereditary hypophosatemic rickets]], [[Hyperchloremic acidosis]], [[Hypocitraturia]], [[Hypophosphatasia]], [[Medullary cystic kidney disease]], [[Medullary sponge kidney]], [[Nephrocalcinosis]], [[Autosomal dominant hypocalcemia]], [[Autosomal recessive Familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC)]], [[Dent disease]], [[X-linked recessive nephrolithiasis type 1]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy''' 
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Sarcoidosis]]       
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| Excess [[Calcium]] intake, [[Idiopathic hypercalciuria]], [[Milk-alkali syndrome]], [[Recumbency]]
|-
|}


==In alphabetical order==
==[[Hypercalciuria epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==


* [[Acute pyelonephritis]]
==[[Hypercalciuria risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
* [[Aminoaciduria]]
 
* Autosomal dominant [[hypocalcemia]]
==[[Hypercalciuria natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
* [[Autosomal dominant hypoparathyroidism]]
 
* Autosomal recessive Familial [[hypomagnesemia]] with [[Hypercalciuria]] and [[nephrocalcinosis]] <ref>{{cite journal |author=Ekinci Z, Karabaş L, Konrad M |title=Hypomagnesemia-hypercalciuria-nephrocalcinosis and ocular findings: a new claudin-19 mutation |journal=Turk. J. Pediatr. |volume=54 |issue=2 |pages=168–70 |year=2012 |pmid=22734304 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
==Diagnosis==
* [[Bartter syndrome]]
 
* Bone [[metastases]]
[[Hypercalciuria history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Hypercalciuria physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Hypercalciuria laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Hypercalciuria CT|CT]] | [[Hypercalciuria MRI|MRI]] | [[Hypercalciuria other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Hypercalciuria other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
* [[Calcitriol]] toxicity
 
* Chronic [[hypokalemia]]
==Treatment==
* [[Congenital hypothyroidism]]
 
* [[Cushing syndrome]]
[[Hypercalciuria medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Hypercalciuria surgery|Surgery]] | [[Hypercalciuria primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Hypercalciuria secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Hypercalciuria cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Hypercalciuria future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
* [[Cystinosis]]
 
* [[Dehydration]]
==Case Studies==
* [[Dent disease]]
[[Hypercalciuria case study one|Case #1]]
* [[Ethinyl estradiol]] and [[drospirnone]]
* Excess [[Calcium]] intake
* [[Fanconi syndrome]]
* [[Fractures]]
* [[Furosemide]]
* [[Glucocorticoids]]
* [[Glycogen storage disease type 1a]]
* [[Hartnup disease]]
* [[Hereditary hypophosatemic rickets]] <ref>{{cite journal |author=Hasani Ranjbar S, Amoli MM, Ebrahim Habibi A, ''et al.'' |title=SLC34A3 Intronic Deletion in a New Kindred with Hereditary Hypophosphatemic Rickets with Hypercalciuria |journal=J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=87–91 |year=2012 |month=June |pmid=22672866 |doi=10.4274/jcrpe.601 |url=}}</ref>
* [[Histoplasmosis]]
* [[Hyperchloremic acidosis]]
* [[Primary Hyperparathyroidism]]
* [[Hyperthyroidism]]
* [[Hypocitraturia]]
* [[Hypokalaemic distal renal tubular acidosis]]
* [[Hypophosphatasia]]
* [[Idiopathic hypercalciuria]]
* [[Immobility]]
* [[Leukemia]]
* [[Lowe's syndrome]]
* [[Lymphoma]]
* [[McCune-Albright syndrome]]
* [[Medullary cystic kidney disease]]
* [[Medullary sponge kidney]]
* [[Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia Jansen type]]
* [[Milk-alkali syndrome]]
* [[Multiple endocrine neoplasia]]
* [[Multiple myeloma]]
* Neonatal severe primary [[hyperparathyroidism]]
* [[Nephrocalcinosis]]
* [[Osteogenesis Imperfecta]]
* [[Osteoporosis]]
* [[Parathyroid carcinoma]]
* [[Paget disease of bone]]
* [[Pituitary tumour (growth hormone secreting)]]
* [[Primary parathyroid hyperplasia]]
* [[Proximal renal tubular acidosis]]
* [[Recumbency]]
* [[Reticulum cell sarcoma]]
* [[Sarcoidosis]]
* [[Solitary parathyroid adenoma]]
* [[Tuberculous granulomas]]
* [[Ulcerative colitis]]
* [[Vitamin D]]
* [[Williams syndrome]]
* [[Wilson disease]]
* [[X-linked recessive nephrolithiasis type 1]]
* [[Zero gravity]]
* [[Acromegaly]]


==Related Chapters==
==Related Chapters==
* [[Hypercalcaemia]]
* [[Hypercalcaemia]]


==References==
 
{{reflist|2}}
 
 
 
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
 
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Nephrology]]
[[Category:Grammar]]


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Latest revision as of 17:30, 8 June 2015

Hypercalciuria
ICD-10 E83.5
ICD-9 791.9
DiseasesDB 6220
MeSH D053565

Hypercalciuria Microchapters

Home

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Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Hypercalciuria from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

CT

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

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Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S. [2] Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [3]

Synonyms and keywords: Hypercalcuria; calcium levels raised (urine); hypercalcinuria

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Hypercalciuria from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | CT | MRI | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Related Chapters

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