Amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate: Difference between revisions

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{{Amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate complex}}
{{Amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate}}
 
'''''For patient information, click <u>[[Amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate complex (patient information)|here]]</u>'''''.
'''''For patient information, click <u>[[Amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate complex (patient information)|here]]</u>'''''.


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==Overview==
==Overview==
'''Amphotericin B''' is a [[polyene antimycotic|polyene]] [[Antifungal medication|antifungal drug]], often used [[intravenous]]ly for systemic [[fungi|fungal]] [[infection]]s. It was originally extracted from ''[[Streptomyces]] [[Streptomyces]] nodosus'', a [[hypha|filamentous]] [[bacterium]], in 1955 at the Squibb Institute for Medical Research from cultures of an undescribed streptomycete isolated from the soil collected in the Orinoco River region of Venezuela. Its name originates from the chemical's [[amphoteric]] properties.  Two amphotericins, amphotericin A and amphotericin B are known, but only B is used clinically, because it is significantly more active [[in vivo]].  Amphotericin A is almost identical to amphotericin B (having a double C=C bond between the 27th and 28th carbons), but has little antifungal activity.


Currently, the drug is available as '''plain amphotericin B''', as a '''cholesteryl sulfate complex (ABCD)''', as a '''lipid complex (ABLC)''', and as a '''[[liposome|liposomal]] formulation''' (LAmB). The latter formulations have been developed to improve tolerability for the patient, but may show considerably different pharmacokinetic characteristics compared to plain amphotericin B.
==Category==
==Category==
Antifungal agent(parenteral)
Antifungal parenteral agent
==US Brand Names==
==US Brand Names==
Amphotec<sup>®</sup>
'''Amphotec<sup>®</sup>'''
==FDA Package Insert==
==FDA Package Insert==



Latest revision as of 05:10, 10 January 2014

Amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate
Amphotec® FDA Package Insert
Description
Clinical Pharmacology
Microbiology
Indications and Usage
Contraindications
Warnings and Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Overdosage
Dosage and Administration
How Supplied
Labels and Packages

For patient information, click here.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Zaghw, M.D. [2]

Overview

Amphotericin B is a polyene antifungal drug, often used intravenously for systemic fungal infections. It was originally extracted from Streptomyces Streptomyces nodosus, a filamentous bacterium, in 1955 at the Squibb Institute for Medical Research from cultures of an undescribed streptomycete isolated from the soil collected in the Orinoco River region of Venezuela. Its name originates from the chemical's amphoteric properties. Two amphotericins, amphotericin A and amphotericin B are known, but only B is used clinically, because it is significantly more active in vivo. Amphotericin A is almost identical to amphotericin B (having a double C=C bond between the 27th and 28th carbons), but has little antifungal activity.

Currently, the drug is available as plain amphotericin B, as a cholesteryl sulfate complex (ABCD), as a lipid complex (ABLC), and as a liposomal formulation (LAmB). The latter formulations have been developed to improve tolerability for the patient, but may show considerably different pharmacokinetic characteristics compared to plain amphotericin B.

Category

Antifungal parenteral agent

US Brand Names

Amphotec®

FDA Package Insert

Description | Clinical Pharmacology | Microbiology | Indications and Usage | Contraindications | Warnings and Precautions | Adverse Reactions | Drug Interactions | Overdosage | Clinical Studies | Dosage and Administration | How Supplied | Labels and Packages

Mechanism of Action

Binds to ergosterol altering cell membrane permeability in susceptible fungi and causing leakage of cell components with subsequent cell death.

References