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| ==Atrial Septal Defect== | | ==Atrial Septal Defect== |
| ===Treatment===
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| * An atrial septal occluder device can be used. There can be migration or erosion of the device so follow-up is warranted.
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| ==Coarctaion==
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| * May be associated with bicuspid [[aortic stenosis]]
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| * Imaging follow-up is recommended to look for aneurysm formation.
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| ==Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy==
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| * Mitochondrial cardiomyopathy is associated with an increase in the pCO2 due to a reduction in ventilation.
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| ==Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO)== | | ==Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO)== |
| === Treatment===
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| * In the PFO patient who has had their first [[cryptogenic stroke]], the treatment of choice as aspirin.
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| * The benefit of PFO closure is not well established
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| * The benefit of [[Coumadin]] in the patient with PFO is not well established, and this therapy should be reserved for those patients with [[atrial fibrillation]] or [[venous thromboembolism]].
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| ==Ventricular Septal Defect== | | ==Ventricular Septal Defect== |
| * Small in size defects do not require repair.
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| ==References== | | ==References== |