Viral encephalitis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

	Viral encephalitis Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Viral Encephalitis from Other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
MRI
CT
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Viral encephalitis history and symptoms On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Viral encephalitis history and symptoms All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Viral encephalitis history and symptoms
CDC on Viral encephalitis history and symptoms
Viral encephalitis history and symptoms in the news
Blogs on Viral encephalitis history and symptoms
Directions to Hospitals Treating Encephalitis
Risk calculators and risk factors for Viral encephalitis history and symptoms

VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 00:40, 30 July 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [2]; Anthony Gallo, B.S. [3]

Overview

Adult patients with encephalitis may present with acute onset of fever, headache, confusion, weakness and sometimes seizures. Younger children or infants may present with irritability, anorexia and fever. Less commonly, photophobia, stiffness of the neck can occur if meningeal involvement occurs simultaneously with brain involvement. Rarely, patients may present with stiffness of the limbs, slowness in movement and clumsiness, and hallucination depending on which specific part of the brain is involved. The symptoms of encephalitis are caused by the brain's defense mechanisms activating to get rid of the infection.

History and symptoms

History

History of mosquito or tick bites or exposure to mouse/rat droppings. Additionally, history of animal bite and exposure to a bat to rule out rabies should be done.
Patients may have symptoms of a cold or stomach infection prior to symptoms onset.

Symptoms

Common Symptoms

Acute confusion or decreased levels of consciousness.
Amnesia (short or long term)
Behavioral or personality change
Light sensitivity (Photophobia), neck stiffness, neck pain (suggesting meningeal irritation)
Seizure (Generalized or focal)
Headache
Lethargy
Vomiting
Decreased appetite
Clumsiness, unsteady gait

Less Common Symptoms

Flaccid paralysis
Backache

Virus Specific Symptoms

Varicella-Zoster Virus, Epstein-Barr Virus, Cytomegalovirus, Measles Virus, or Mumps Virus

Rash, swelling of neck glands can be seen

Herpes Simplex Virus

can be seen in neonates
- Herpes specific lesion in skin, eye and mouth ulcers
- Poor feeding
- Decreased alertness
- Seizures, Body stiffness
- Irritability and crying more often (these symptoms may get worse when the baby is picked up)
- Soft spot on the top of the head may bulge out more
- Vomiting

Toxoplasma Virus

Common in immuno-compromised patients (common in HIV patients presenting with neurological manifestations)

St Louis Encephalitis

Painful urination
Pus in urine

West Nile Fever

Extreme lethargy

References

Template:WikiDoc Sources

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''For patient information, click [[Encephalitis (patient information)|here]]'''
+__NOTOC__
-{{Encephalitis}}
+{{Viral encephalitis}}
-{{CMG}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} [[Priyamvada Singh|Priyamvada Singh, MBBS]] [mailto:psingh13579@gmail.com]; {{AG}}
 ==Overview==
+Adult patients with encephalitis may present with acute onset of fever, headache, confusion, weakness and sometimes seizures. Younger children or infants may present with irritability, anorexia and fever. Less commonly, photophobia, stiffness of the neck can occur if meningeal involvement occurs simultaneously with brain involvement. Rarely, patients may present with stiffness of the limbs, slowness in movement and clumsiness, and hallucination depending on which specific part of the brain is involved. The symptoms of encephalitis are caused by the brain's defense mechanisms activating to get rid of the infection.
-'''Encephalitis''' is an [[Acute (medical)|acute]] [[inflammation]] of the [[brain]], commonly caused by a [[virus|viral]] [[infection]]. Sometimes, encephalitis can result from a [[bacteria]]l infection, such as bacterial [[meningitis]], or it may be a complication of other infectious diseases like [[rabies]] (viral) or [[syphilis]] (bacterial). Certain [[parasitic]] or [[protozoa]]l infestations, such as [[toxoplasmosis]], [[malaria]], or [[primary amoebic meningoencephalitis]], can also cause encephalitis in people with [[immune deficiency|compromised]] [[immune system]]s. Brain damage occurs as the inflamed brain pushes against the skull, and can lead to death.
 ==History and symptoms==
+===History===
-==What are the symptoms of Encephalitis?==
+* History of mosquito or tick bites or exposure to mouse/rat droppings. Additionally, history of animal bite and exposure to a bat to rule out rabies should be done.
-Some patients may have symptoms of a cold or stomach infection before encephalitis symptoms begin.
+* Patients may have symptoms of a cold or stomach infection prior to symptoms onset.
+===Symptoms===
-When a case of encephalitis is not very severe, the symptoms may be similar to those of other illnesses, including:
+====Common Symptoms====
+* Acute confusion or decreased levels of consciousness.
-* [[Fever]] that is not very high
+* [[Amnesia]] (short or long term)
-* Mild [[Headache (patient information)|headache]]
+* Behavioral or personality change
-* Low energy and a poor appetite
+* Light sensitivity ([[Photophobia]]), neck stiffness, neck pain (suggesting meningeal irritation)
+* [[Seizure]] (Generalized or focal)
-Other symptoms include:
+* [[Headache]]
+* Lethargy
+* Vomiting
+* Decreased appetite
 * Clumsiness, unsteady gait
-* [[Confusion (patient information)|Confusion]], disorientation
+====Less Common Symptoms====
-* [[Drowsiness]]
+* Flaccid paralysis
-* Irritability or poor temper control
+* Backache
-* Light sensitivity
+====Virus Specific Symptoms====
-* [[Stiff neck]] and back (occasionally)
+====Varicella-Zoster Virus, Epstein-Barr Virus, Cytomegalovirus, Measles Virus, or Mumps Virus====
-* [[Vomiting]]
+* Rash, swelling of neck glands can be seen
+====Herpes Simplex Virus====
+* can be seen in neonates
+** Herpes specific lesion in skin, eye and mouth ulcers
+** Poor feeding
+** Decreased alertness
+** Seizures, Body stiffness
+** Irritability and crying more often (these symptoms may get worse when the baby is picked up)
+** Soft spot on the top of the head may bulge out more
+** [[Vomiting]]
-Symptoms in newborns and younger infants may not be as easy to recognize:
+====Toxoplasma Virus====
+* Common in immuno-compromised patients (common in HIV patients presenting with neurological manifestations)
+====St Louis Encephalitis====
+* Painful urination
+* Pus in urine
-* Body stiffness
+====West Nile Fever====
-* Irritability and crying more often (these symptoms may get worse when the baby is picked up)
+* Extreme lethargy
-* Poor feeding
-* Soft spot on the top of the head may bulge out more
-* [[Vomiting]]
-Emergency symptoms:
+==References==
+{{Reflist|2}}
+{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
+{{WikiDoc Sources}}
-* Loss of consciousness, poor responsiveness, stupor, coma
+[[Category:Disease]]
-* Muscle weakness or [[paralysis]]
-* [[Seizure (patient information)|Seizures]]
-* Severe [[Headache (patient information)|headache]]
-* Sudden change in mental functions:
-** "Flat" mood, lack of mood, or mood that is inappropriate for the situation
-** Impaired judgment
-** Inflexibility, extreme self-centeredness, inability to make a decision, or withdrawal from social interaction
-** Less interest in daily activities
-** Memory loss ([[Amnesia (patient information)|amnesia]]), impaired short-term or long-term memory
-==See also==
 [[Category:Neurological disorders]]
-[[Category:Infectious disease]]
 [[Category:Inflammations]]
-[[Category:Greek loanwords]]
 [[Category:Overview complete]]
-{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
-{{WikiDoc Sources}}