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{{Distinguish|Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
'''Sterol O-acyltransferase 2''', also known as '''SOAT2''', is an [[enzyme]] that in humans is encoded by the ''SOAT2'' [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SOAT2 sterol O-acyltransferase 2| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8435| accessdate = }}</ref>
== Function ==
This gene is a member of a small family of [[Acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase]]s. The gene encodes a membrane-bound enzyme localized in the [[endoplasmic reticulum]] that produces intracellular [[cholesteryl ester|cholesterol ester]]s from long-chain fatty acyl CoA and cholesterol. The cholesterol esters are then stored as cytoplasmic lipid droplets inside the cell. The enzyme is implicated in cholesterol absorption in the intestine and in the assembly and secretion of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins such as [[very-low-density lipoprotein]] (VLDL). Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but their full-length nature is not known.<ref name="entrez"/>
== References ==
{{reflist}}
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal  | author=Chang TY, Chang CC, Cheng D |title=Acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase |journal=Annu. Rev. Biochem. |volume=66 |issue=  |pages= 613–38 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9242919 |doi= 10.1146/annurev.biochem.66.1.613  | last2=Chang }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Yang H, Bard M, Bruner DA, etal |title=Sterol esterification in yeast: a two-gene process |journal=Science |volume=272 |issue= 5266 |pages= 1353–6 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8650549 |doi=10.1126/science.272.5266.1353  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Cases S, Novak S, Zheng YW, etal |title=ACAT-2, a second mammalian acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase. Its cloning, expression, and characterization |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 41 |pages= 26755–64 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9756919 |doi=10.1074/jbc.273.41.26755  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Oelkers P, Behari A, Cromley D, etal |title=Characterization of two human genes encoding acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase-related enzymes |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 41 |pages= 26765–71 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9756920 |doi=10.1074/jbc.273.41.26765  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Chang CC, Sakashita N, Ornvold K, etal |title=Immunological quantitation and localization of ACAT-1 and ACAT-2 in human liver and small intestine |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 36 |pages= 28083–92 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10846185 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M003927200 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Lee H, Choi E, Seomun Y, etal |title=High-Resolution Transcript Map of the Region Spanning D12S1629 and D12S312 at Chromosome 12q13: Triple A Syndrome-Linked Region |journal=Genome Res. |volume=10 |issue= 10 |pages= 1561–7 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11042153 |doi=10.1101/gr.142100  | pmc=310951  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Joyce CW, Shelness GS, Davis MA, etal |title=ACAT1 and ACAT2 Membrane Topology Segregates a Serine Residue Essential for Activity to Opposite Sides of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane |journal=Mol. Biol. Cell |volume=11 |issue= 11 |pages= 3675–87 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11071899 |doi=  10.1091/mbc.11.11.3675| pmc=15029  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Seo T, Oelkers PM, Giattina MR, etal |title=Differential modulation of ACAT1 and ACAT2 transcription and activity by long chain free fatty acids in cultured cells |journal=Biochemistry |volume=40 |issue= 15 |pages= 4756–62 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11294643 |doi=10.1021/bi0022947  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Katsuren K, Tamura T, Arashiro R, etal |title=Structure of the human acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase-2 (ACAT-2) gene and its relation to dyslipidemia |journal=Biochim. Biophys. Acta |volume=1531 |issue= 3 |pages= 230–40 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11325614 |doi=  10.1016/S1388-1981(01)00106-8}}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Song BL, Qi W, Yang XY, etal |title=Organization of human ACAT-2 gene and its cell-type-specific promoter activity |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=282 |issue= 2 |pages= 580–8 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11401500 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4612 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899  | pmc=139241 }}
*{{cite journal  |author1=Katsuren K |author2=Fukuyama S |author3=Takata K |author4=Ohta T |title=Effects of a new single-nucleotide polymorphism in the Acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase-2 gene on plasma lipids and apolipoproteins in patients with hyperlipidemia |journal=J. Atheroscler. Thromb. |volume=10 |issue= 1 |pages= 32–6 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12621162 |doi=10.5551/jat.10.32  }}
*{{cite journal  |author1=Lin S |author2=Lu X |author3=Chang CC |author4=Chang TY |title=Human Acyl-Coenzyme A:Cholesterol Acyltransferase Expressed in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells: Membrane Topology and Active Site Location |journal=Mol. Biol. Cell |volume=14 |issue= 6 |pages= 2447–60 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12808042 |doi= 10.1091/mbc.E02-11-0725  | pmc=194892 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Sakashita N, Miyazaki A, Chang CC, etal |title=Acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) is induced in monocyte-derived macrophages: in vivo and in vitro studies |journal=Lab. Invest. |volume=83 |issue= 11 |pages= 1569–81 |year= 2003 |pmid= 14615411 |doi=10.1097/01.LAB.0000095687.17383.39  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Smith JL, Rangaraj K, Simpson R, etal |title=Quantitative analysis of the expression of ACAT genes in human tissues by real-time PCR |journal=J. Lipid Res. |volume=45 |issue= 4 |pages= 686–96 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14729857 |doi= 10.1194/jlr.M300365-JLR200 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Liang JJ, Oelkers P, Guo C, etal |title=Overexpression of human diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1, acyl-coa:cholesterol acyltransferase 1, or acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 2 stimulates secretion of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins in McA-RH7777 cells |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=279 |issue= 43 |pages= 44938–44 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15308631 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M408507200 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Parini P, Davis M, Lada AT, etal |title=ACAT2 is localized to hepatocytes and is the major cholesterol-esterifying enzyme in human liver |journal=Circulation |volume=110 |issue= 14 |pages= 2017–23 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15451793 |doi= 10.1161/01.CIR.0000143163.76212.0B }}
*{{cite journal  |author1=Kim J |author2=Bhinge AA |author3=Morgan XC |author4=Iyer VR |title=Mapping DNA-protein interactions in large genomes by sequence tag analysis of genomic enrichment |journal=Nat. Methods |volume=2 |issue= 1 |pages= 47–53 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15782160 |doi= 10.1038/nmeth726 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Pramfalk C, Davis MA, Eriksson M, etal |title=Control of ACAT2 liver expression by HNF1 |journal=J. Lipid Res. |volume=46 |issue= 9 |pages= 1868–76 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15961790 |doi= 10.1194/jlr.M400450-JLR200 }}
}}
{{refend}}
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = 
| image_source = 
| PDB =
| Name = Sterol O-acyltransferase 2
| HGNCid = 11178
| Symbol = SOAT2
| AltSymbols =; ACAT2; ACACT2; ARGP2; MGC116732
| OMIM = 601311
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 68355
| MGIid = 1332226
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_SOAT2_210677_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004772 |text = sterol O-acyltransferase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008415 |text = acyltransferase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016740 |text = transferase activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005624 |text = membrane fraction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005783 |text = endoplasmic reticulum}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006629 |text = lipid metabolic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008202 |text = steroid metabolic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008203 |text = cholesterol metabolic process}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 8435
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000167780
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_003569
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_003578
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 12
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 51783578
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 51804589
    | Hs_Uniprot = O75908
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 223920
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000023045
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_146064
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_666176
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 15
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 101978609
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 101991489
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q8R0Y9
  }}
}}
'''Sterol O-acyltransferase 2''', also known as '''SOAT2''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SOAT2 sterol O-acyltransferase 2| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8435| accessdate = }}</ref>
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = Summary:This gene is a member of a small family of acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferases. The gene encodes a membrane-bound enzyme localized in the endoplasmic reticulum that produces intracellular cholesterol esters from long-chain fatty acyl CoA and cholesterol. The cholesterol esters are then stored as cytoplasmic lipid droplets inside the cell. The enzyme is implicated in cholesterol absorption in the intestine and in the assembly and secretion of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins such as very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but their full-length nature is not known.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SOAT2 sterol O-acyltransferase 2| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8435| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal  | author=Chang TY, Chang CC, Cheng D |title=Acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase. |journal=Annu. Rev. Biochem. |volume=66 |issue=  |pages= 613-38 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9242919 |doi= 10.1146/annurev.biochem.66.1.613 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Yang H, Bard M, Bruner DA, ''et al.'' |title=Sterol esterification in yeast: a two-gene process. |journal=Science |volume=272 |issue= 5266 |pages= 1353-6 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8650549 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Cases S, Novak S, Zheng YW, ''et al.'' |title=ACAT-2, a second mammalian acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase. Its cloning, expression, and characterization. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 41 |pages= 26755-64 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9756919 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Oelkers P, Behari A, Cromley D, ''et al.'' |title=Characterization of two human genes encoding acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase-related enzymes. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 41 |pages= 26765-71 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9756920 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Chang CC, Sakashita N, Ornvold K, ''et al.'' |title=Immunological quantitation and localization of ACAT-1 and ACAT-2 in human liver and small intestine. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 36 |pages= 28083-92 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10846185 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M003927200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Lee H, Choi E, Seomun Y, ''et al.'' |title=High-resolution transcript map of the region spanning D12S1629 and D12S312 at chromosome 12q13: triple A syndrome-linked region. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=10 |issue= 10 |pages= 1561-7 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11042153 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Joyce CW, Shelness GS, Davis MA, ''et al.'' |title=ACAT1 and ACAT2 membrane topology segregates a serine residue essential for activity to opposite sides of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. |journal=Mol. Biol. Cell |volume=11 |issue= 11 |pages= 3675-87 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11071899 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Seo T, Oelkers PM, Giattina MR, ''et al.'' |title=Differential modulation of ACAT1 and ACAT2 transcription and activity by long chain free fatty acids in cultured cells. |journal=Biochemistry |volume=40 |issue= 15 |pages= 4756-62 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11294643 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Katsuren K, Tamura T, Arashiro R, ''et al.'' |title=Structure of the human acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase-2 (ACAT-2) gene and its relation to dyslipidemia. |journal=Biochim. Biophys. Acta |volume=1531 |issue= 3 |pages= 230-40 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11325614 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Song BL, Qi W, Yang XY, ''et al.'' |title=Organization of human ACAT-2 gene and its cell-type-specific promoter activity. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=282 |issue= 2 |pages= 580-8 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11401500 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4612 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Katsuren K, Fukuyama S, Takata K, Ohta T |title=Effects of a new single-nucleotide polymorphism in the Acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase-2 gene on plasma lipids and apolipoproteins in patients with hyperlipidemia. |journal=J. Atheroscler. Thromb. |volume=10 |issue= 1 |pages= 32-6 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12621162 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Lin S, Lu X, Chang CC, Chang TY |title=Human acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase expressed in chinese hamster ovary cells: membrane topology and active site location. |journal=Mol. Biol. Cell |volume=14 |issue= 6 |pages= 2447-60 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12808042 |doi= 10.1091/mbc.E02-11-0725 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Sakashita N, Miyazaki A, Chang CC, ''et al.'' |title=Acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) is induced in monocyte-derived macrophages: in vivo and in vitro studies. |journal=Lab. Invest. |volume=83 |issue= 11 |pages= 1569-81 |year= 2003 |pmid= 14615411 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Smith JL, Rangaraj K, Simpson R, ''et al.'' |title=Quantitative analysis of the expression of ACAT genes in human tissues by real-time PCR. |journal=J. Lipid Res. |volume=45 |issue= 4 |pages= 686-96 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14729857 |doi= 10.1194/jlr.M300365-JLR200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Liang JJ, Oelkers P, Guo C, ''et al.'' |title=Overexpression of human diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1, acyl-coa:cholesterol acyltransferase 1, or acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 2 stimulates secretion of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins in McA-RH7777 cells. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=279 |issue= 43 |pages= 44938-44 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15308631 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M408507200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Parini P, Davis M, Lada AT, ''et al.'' |title=ACAT2 is localized to hepatocytes and is the major cholesterol-esterifying enzyme in human liver. |journal=Circulation |volume=110 |issue= 14 |pages= 2017-23 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15451793 |doi= 10.1161/01.CIR.0000143163.76212.0B }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Kim J, Bhinge AA, Morgan XC, Iyer VR |title=Mapping DNA-protein interactions in large genomes by sequence tag analysis of genomic enrichment. |journal=Nat. Methods |volume=2 |issue= 1 |pages= 47-53 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15782160 |doi= 10.1038/nmeth726 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Pramfalk C, Davis MA, Eriksson M, ''et al.'' |title=Control of ACAT2 liver expression by HNF1. |journal=J. Lipid Res. |volume=46 |issue= 9 |pages= 1868-76 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15961790 |doi= 10.1194/jlr.M400450-JLR200 }}
}}
{{refend}}


{{protein-stub}}
{{gene-12-stub}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Latest revision as of 06:48, 11 September 2017

Not to be confused with Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase.
VALUE_ERROR (nil)
Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

n/a

n/a

Ensembl

n/a

n/a

UniProt

n/a

n/a

RefSeq (mRNA)

n/a

n/a

RefSeq (protein)

n/a

n/a

Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Sterol O-acyltransferase 2, also known as SOAT2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SOAT2 gene.[1]

Function

This gene is a member of a small family of Acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferases. The gene encodes a membrane-bound enzyme localized in the endoplasmic reticulum that produces intracellular cholesterol esters from long-chain fatty acyl CoA and cholesterol. The cholesterol esters are then stored as cytoplasmic lipid droplets inside the cell. The enzyme is implicated in cholesterol absorption in the intestine and in the assembly and secretion of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins such as very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but their full-length nature is not known.[1]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Entrez Gene: SOAT2 sterol O-acyltransferase 2".

Further reading



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