ZAP-70

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Zeta-chain (TCR) associated protein kinase 70kDa
Image:PBB Protein ZAP70 image.jpg
PDB rendering based on 1m61.
Available structures: 1m61, 1u59, 2oq1, 2ozo
Identifiers
Symbol(s) ZAP70; SRK; STD; TZK; ZAP-70
External IDs OMIM: 176947 MGI: 99613 Homologene: 839
RNA expression pattern

Image:PBB GE ZAP70 214032 at tn.png

More reference expression data

Orthologs
Human Mouse
Entrez 7535 22637
Ensembl ENSG00000115085 ENSMUSG00000026117
Uniprot P43403 P97455
Refseq NM_001079 (mRNA)
NP_001070 (protein) 		NM_009539 (mRNA)
NP_033565 (protein)
Location Chr 2: 97.7 - 97.72 Mb Chr 1: 36.71 - 36.73 Mb
Pubmed search [1] [2]

ZAP-70 is an abbrevation for Zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70 (70 is the molecular weight in kDa). The protein is a member in the protein-tyrosine kinase family. ZAP-70 is normally expressed in T cells and natural killer cells and has a critical role in the initiation of T-cell signaling. ZAP-70 in B cells is used as a prognostic marker in identifying different forms of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).

T lymphocytes are activated by engagement of the T cell receptor with processed antigen fragments presented by professional antigen presenting cells (e.g. macrophages, dendritic cells and B cells). Upon this activation, the tyrosine kinase Lck becomes activated and phosphorylates the intracellular portions of the CD3 complex (called ITAMs). The most important member of the CD3 family is CD3-zeta to which ZAP-70 binds (hence the abbreviation). The tandem SH2-domains of ZAP-70 are engaged by the doubly phosphorylated ITAMs of CD3-zeta, which positions ZAP-70 to phosphorylate the transmembrane protein LAT (Linker of Activated T cells). Phosphorylated LAT in turn serves as a docking site to which a number of signaling proteins bind. The final outcome of T cell activation is the transcription of several gene products which allow the T cells to differentiate, proliferate and secrete a number of cytokines.

See also

Further reading

  • Chan AC, Iwashima M, Turck CW, Weiss A (1992). "ZAP-70: a 70 kd protein-tyrosine kinase that associates with the TCR zeta chain". Cell 71 (4): 649-62. PMID 1423621.
  • Deindl S, Kadlecek TA, Brdicka T, Cao X, Weiss A, Kuriyan J (2007). "Structural Basis for the Inhibition of Tyrosine Kinase Activity of ZAP-70". Cell 129 (4): 735-46. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.03.039. PMID 17512407.
  • Orchard J, Ibbotson R, Best G, et al. (2006). "ZAP-70 in B cell malignancies.". Leuk. Lymphoma 46 (12): 1689-98. doi:10.1080/09638280500260079. PMID 16263570.
  • Hamblin AD, Hamblin TJ (2006). "Functional and prognostic role of ZAP-70 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.". Expert Opin. Ther. Targets 9 (6): 1165-78. doi:10.1517/14728222.9.6.1165. PMID 16300468.
  • Chan AC, Iwashima M, Turck CW, Weiss A (1992). "ZAP-70: a 70 kd protein-tyrosine kinase that associates with the TCR zeta chain.". Cell 71 (4): 649-62. PMID 1423621.
  • Goldman F, Jensen WA, Johnson GL, et al. (1994). "gp120 ligation of CD4 induces p56lck activation and TCR desensitization independent of TCR tyrosine phosphorylation.". J. Immunol. 153 (7): 2905-17. PMID 7522245.
  • Isakov N, Wange RL, Burgess WH, et al. (1995). "ZAP-70 binding specificity to T cell receptor tyrosine-based activation motifs: the tandem SH2 domains of ZAP-70 bind distinct tyrosine-based activation motifs with varying affinity.". J. Exp. Med. 181 (1): 375-80. PMID 7528772.
  • Nel AE, Gupta S, Lee L, et al. (1995). "Ligation of the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) induces association of hSos1, ZAP-70, phospholipase C-gamma 1, and other phosphoproteins with Grb2 and the zeta-chain of the TCR.". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (31): 18428-36. PMID 7629168.
  • Negishi I, Motoyama N, Nakayama K, et al. (1995). "Essential role for ZAP-70 in both positive and negative selection of thymocytes.". Nature 376 (6539): 435-8. doi:10.1038/376435a0. PMID 7630421.
  • Mustelin T, Williams S, Tailor P, et al. (1995). "Regulation of the p70zap tyrosine protein kinase in T cells by the CD45 phosphotyrosine phosphatase.". Eur. J. Immunol. 25 (4): 942-6. PMID 7737297.
  • Neumeister EN, Zhu Y, Richard S, et al. (1995). "Binding of ZAP-70 to phosphorylated T-cell receptor zeta and eta enhances its autophosphorylation and generates specific binding sites for SH2 domain-containing proteins.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 15 (6): 3171-8. PMID 7760813.
  • Katzav S, Sutherland M, Packham G, et al. (1995). "The protein tyrosine kinase ZAP-70 can associate with the SH2 domain of proto-Vav.". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (51): 32579-85. PMID 7798261.
  • Schumann G, Dasgupta JD (1995). "Specificity of signal transduction through CD16, TCR-CD3 and BCR receptor chains containing the tyrosine-associated activation motif.". Int. Immunol. 6 (9): 1383-92. PMID 7819147.
  • Watts JD, Affolter M, Krebs DL, et al. (1994). "Identification by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of the sites of tyrosine phosphorylation induced in activated Jurkat T cells on the protein tyrosine kinase ZAP-70.". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (47): 29520-9. PMID 7961936.
  • Ku G, Malissen B, Mattei MG (1994). "Chromosomal location of the Syk and ZAP-70 tyrosine kinase genes in mice and humans.". Immunogenetics 40 (4): 300-2. PMID 8082894.
  • Chan AC, van Oers NS, Tran A, et al. (1994). "Differential expression of ZAP-70 and Syk protein tyrosine kinases, and the role of this family of protein tyrosine kinases in TCR signaling.". J. Immunol. 152 (10): 4758-66. PMID 8176201.
  • Elder ME, Lin D, Clever J, et al. (1994). "Human severe combined immunodeficiency due to a defect in ZAP-70, a T cell tyrosine kinase.". Science 264 (5165): 1596-9. PMID 8202712.
  • Chan AC, Kadlecek TA, Elder ME, et al. (1994). "ZAP-70 deficiency in an autosomal recessive form of severe combined immunodeficiency.". Science 264 (5165): 1599-601. PMID 8202713.
  • Wange RL, Malek SN, Desiderio S, Samelson LE (1993). "Tandem SH2 domains of ZAP-70 bind to T cell antigen receptor zeta and CD3 epsilon from activated Jurkat T cells.". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (26): 19797-801. PMID 8366117.
  • Huby RD, Carlile GW, Ley SC (1996). "Interactions between the protein-tyrosine kinase ZAP-70, the proto-oncoprotein Vav, and tubulin in Jurkat T cells.". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (51): 30241-4. PMID 8530437.
  • Plas DR, Johnson R, Pingel JT, et al. (1996). "Direct regulation of ZAP-70 by SHP-1 in T cell antigen receptor signaling.". Science 272 (5265): 1173-6. PMID 8638162.
  • Wardenburg JB, Fu C, Jackman JK, et al. (1996). "Phosphorylation of SLP-76 by the ZAP-70 protein-tyrosine kinase is required for T-cell receptor function.". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (33): 19641-4. PMID 8702662.

External links

 This cell biology article is a stub. You can help WikiDoc by expanding it.
v • d • e
Kinases: tyrosine kinases (EC 2.7.10)
2.7.10.1Receptor tyrosine kinase
2.7.10.2Abelson leukemia virus protein - c-Kit - C-MET - Flt3 - Janus kinase (Janus kinase 1, Janus kinase 2, Janus kinase 3, Tyrosine kinase 2) - Src (Lck) - Syk - ZAP-70

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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .

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