Stapes
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| Bone: Stapes | |
|---|---|
 | |
| A. Left stapes. B. Base of stapes, medial surface. | |
 | |
| Chain of ossicles and their ligaments, seen from the front in a vertical, transverse section of the tympanum. | |
| Bones and muscles in the tympanic cavity in the middle ear | |
| Gray's | subject #231 1045 |
| Precursor | 2nd branchial arch[1] |
| MeSH | Stapes |
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The stapes or stirrup is the stirrup-shaped small bone or ossicle in the middle ear which attaches the incus to the fenestra ovalis, the "oval window" which is adjacent to the vestibule of the inner ear. It is the smallest and lightest bone in the human body.
The stapes transmits the sound vibrations from the incus to the membrane of the inner ear inside the fenestra ovalis.
In non-mammalian vertebrates, the bone homologous to the stapes is usually called the columella; however, in reptiles, either term may be used.
 The stapes is the smallest bone in the body[2]. |
 Stapes[3]. |
 It consists of a capitulum (head) which articulates with the incus, a neck, two crura (anterior and posterior) and a footplate.The head neck and crura form the stapedial arch.[4] |
See also
References
- ↑ Embryology at UNC hednk-023
- ↑ http://www.ghorayeb.com
- ↑ http://www.ghorayeb.com
- ↑ http://www.ghorayeb.com
- Vallejo-Valdezate LA, Martín-Gil J, José-Yacamán M, Martín-Gil FJ, Gil-Carcedo LM. "Scanning electron microscopy images and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis of the stapes in otosclerosis and van der Hoeve syndrome". Laryngoscope. 2000 Sep;110(9):1505-10.
External links
- http://web.archive.org/web/20061111030032/http://webpages.marshall.edu/~hurlburt/310lec13.html
- http://faculty.juniata.edu/yohn/reptilialab.htm
http://research.meei.harvard.edu/otopathology/3dmodels/
Bones (Axial skeleton, Appendicular skeleton) | |
|---|---|
| VERTEBRAL COLUMN | vertebrae (cervical - thoracic - lumbar) - sacrum - coccyx |
| THORAX | sternum - rib |
| cranial bones of SKULL | occipital - parietal - frontal - temporal - sphenoid - ethmoid |
| facial bones of SKULL | nasal - maxilla - lacrimal - zygomatic - palatine - inferior nasal conchae - vomer - mandible - THROAT: hyoid (greater cornu, lesser cornu, body) |
| UPPER EXTREMITY | SHOULDER GIRDLE:clavicle - scapula - ARM: humerus - ulna - radius- HAND:carpals (scaphoid - lunate bone - triquetral - pisiform - trapezium - trapezoid - capitate - hamate) - metacarpals - phalanges (prox - int - dist) |
| LOWER EXTREMITY | PELVIS:pelvis (ilium, ischium, pubis) - LEG: femur - patella - fibula - tibia - FOOT: tarsals (calcaneus - talus - navicular - cuneiform - cuboid ) - metatarsals - phalanges (prox - int - dist) |
| MIDDLE EAR OSSICLES | malleus - incus - stapes |
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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
