Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SFRP4gene.[1][2]
Function
Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (SFRP4) is a member of the SFRP family that contains a cysteine-rich domain homologous to the putative Wnt-binding site of Frizzled proteins. SFRPs act as soluble modulators of Wnt signaling. The expression of SFRP4 in ventricularmyocardium correlates with apoptosis related gene expression.[2]
SFRP4 is a hub gene in a Type 2 Diabetes-associated gene coexpression module in human islets, and reduces glucose-induced insulin secretion through decreased β-cellexocytosis. Expression and release of SFRP4 from islets is enhanced by interleukin-1β. SFRP4 is elevated in serum several years before clinical diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes. Individuals who have above-average levels of SFRP4 in the blood are five times more likely to develop diabetes in the next few years than those with below-average levels.[3]
References
↑Abu-Jawdeh G, Comella N, Tomita Y, Brown LF, Tognazzi K, Sokol SY, Kocher O (May 1999). "Differential expression of frpHE: a novel human stromal protein of the secreted frizzled gene family, during the endometrial cycle and malignancy". Lab Invest. 79 (4): 439–47. PMID10211996.
↑Mahdi T, Hänzelmann S, Salehi A, Muhammed SJ, Reinbothe TM, Tang Y, Axelsson AS, Zhou Y, Jing X, Almgren P, Krus U, Taneera J, Blom AM, Lyssenko V, Esguerra JLS, Hansson O, Eliasson L, Derry J, Zhang E, Wollheim CB, Groop L, Renström E, Rosengren AH (November 2012). "Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 4 Reduces Insulin Secretion and Is Overexpressed in Type 2 Diabetes". Cell Metabolism. 16 (5): 625–633. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2012.10.009. PMID23140642.
Wolf V, Ke G, Dharmarajan AM, et al. (1998). "DDC-4, an apoptosis-associated gene, is a secreted frizzled relative". FEBS Lett. 417 (3): 385–9. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(97)01324-0. PMID9409757.
Schumann H, Holtz J, Zerkowski HR, Hatzfeld M (2000). "Expression of secreted frizzled related proteins 3 and 4 in human ventricular myocardium correlates with apoptosis related gene expression". Cardiovasc. Res. 45 (3): 720–8. doi:10.1016/S0008-6363(99)00376-4. PMID10728394.
Wissmann C, Wild PJ, Kaiser S, et al. (2003). "WIF1, a component of the Wnt pathway, is down-regulated in prostate, breast, lung, and bladder cancer". J. Pathol. 201 (2): 204–12. doi:10.1002/path.1449. PMID14517837.
Horvath LG, Henshall SM, Kench JG, et al. (2004). "Membranous expression of secreted frizzled-related protein 4 predicts for good prognosis in localized prostate cancer and inhibits PC3 cellular proliferation in vitro". Clin. Cancer Res. 10 (2): 615–25. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-0707-03. PMID14760084.
Ahn J, Chung KS, Kim DU, et al. (2005). "Systematic identification of hepatocellular proteins interacting with NS5A of the hepatitis C virus". J. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 37 (6): 741–8. doi:10.5483/bmbrep.2004.37.6.741. PMID15607035.
He B, Lee AY, Dadfarmay S, et al. (2005). "Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 is silenced by hypermethylation and induces apoptosis in beta-catenin-deficient human mesothelioma cells". Cancer Res. 65 (3): 743–8. PMID15705870.
Berndt TJ, Bielesz B, Craig TA, et al. (2006). "Secreted frizzled-related protein-4 reduces sodium-phosphate co-transporter abundance and activity in proximal tubule cells". Pflügers Arch. 451 (4): 579–87. doi:10.1007/s00424-005-1495-2. PMID16151791.
Feng Han Q, Zhao W, Bentel J, et al. (2006). "Expression of sFRP-4 and beta-catenin in human colorectal carcinoma". Cancer Lett. 231 (1): 129–37. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2005.01.026. PMID16356838.
Urakami S, Shiina H, Enokida H, et al. (2006). "Combination analysis of hypermethylated Wnt-antagonist family genes as a novel epigenetic biomarker panel for bladder cancer detection". Clin. Cancer Res. 12 (7 Pt 1): 2109–16. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2468. PMID16609023.
Horvath LG, Lelliott JE, Kench JG, et al. (2007). "Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 inhibits proliferation and metastatic potential in prostate cancer". Prostate. 67 (10): 1081–90. doi:10.1002/pros.20607. PMID17476687.
