SAC (gene)

Testicular soluble adenylyl cyclase
Identifiers
Symbols	SAC ; HCA2; RP1-313L4.2; SACI
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 10188
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
File:PBB GE SAC 214547 at tn.png
File:PBB GE SAC 217305 s at tn.png
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

Testicular soluble adenylyl cyclase, also known as SAC, is a human gene.

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a distinct class of mammalian adenylyl cyclase that is soluble in testis but particularly in sperm and other tissues. It is unlike other mammalian adenylyl cyclases because it is insensitive to G protein or forskolin regulation and is directly regulated by bicarbonate. It is localized in the cytoplasm and to organelles and is thought to function as a general bicarbonate sensor throughout the body. It plays an important role in the generation of cAMP in spermatozoa, playing possible roles in sperm capacitation, hypermotility, and/or the acrosome reaction.

Further reading

• Wuttke MS, Buck J, Levin LR (2002). "Bicarbonate-regulated soluble adenylyl cyclase". JOP. 2 (4 Suppl): 154–8. PMID 11875252.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Hukovic N, Panetta R, Kumar U; et al. (1998). "The cytoplasmic tail of the human somatostatin receptor type 5 is crucial for interaction with adenylyl cyclase and in mediating desensitization and internalization". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (33): 21416–22. PMID 9694905.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Buck J, Sinclair ML, Schapal L; et al. (1999). "Cytosolic adenylyl cyclase defines a unique signaling molecule in mammals". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (1): 79–84. PMID 9874775.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Hayes JS, Lawler OA, Walsh MT, Kinsella BT (1999). "The prostacyclin receptor is isoprenylated. Isoprenylation is required for efficient receptor-effector coupling". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (34): 23707–18. PMID 10446129.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Sinclair ML, Wang XY, Mattia M; et al. (2000). "Specific expression of soluble adenylyl cyclase in male germ cells". Mol. Reprod. Dev. 56 (1): 6–11. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(200005)56:1<6::AID-MRD2>3.0.CO;2-M. PMID 10737962.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Chen Y, Cann MJ, Litvin TN; et al. (2000). "Soluble adenylyl cyclase as an evolutionarily conserved bicarbonate sensor". Science. 289 (5479): 625–8. PMID 10915626.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Jaiswal BS, Conti M (2001). "Identification and functional analysis of splice variants of the germ cell soluble adenylyl cyclase". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (34): 31698–708. doi:10.1074/jbc.M011698200. PMID 11423534.
• Reed BY, Gitomer WL, Heller HJ; et al. (2002). "Identification and characterization of a gene with base substitutions associated with the absorptive hypercalciuria phenotype and low spinal bone density". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87 (4): 1476–85. PMID 11932268.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Zippin JH, Chen Y, Nahirney P; et al. (2003). "Compartmentalization of bicarbonate-sensitive adenylyl cyclase in distinct signaling microdomains". FASEB J. 17 (1): 82–4. doi:10.1096/fj.02-0598fje. PMID 12475901.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Litvin TN, Kamenetsky M, Zarifyan A; et al. (2003). "Kinetic properties of "soluble" adenylyl cyclase. Synergism between calcium and bicarbonate". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (18): 15922–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M212475200. PMID 12609998.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Jaiswal BS, Conti M (2003). "Calcium regulation of the soluble adenylyl cyclase expressed in mammalian spermatozoa". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 (19): 10676–81. doi:10.1073/pnas.1831008100. PMID 12958208.
• Marjanovic JA, Li Z, Stojanovic A, Du X (2006). "Stimulatory roles of nitric-oxide synthase 3 and guanylyl cyclase in platelet activation". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (45): 37430–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M506518200. PMID 16144836.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Schmid A, Sutto Z, Nlend MC; et al. (2007). "Soluble adenylyl cyclase is localized to cilia and contributes to ciliary beat frequency regulation via production of cAMP". J. Gen. Physiol. 130 (1): 99–109. doi:10.1085/jgp.200709784. PMID 17591988.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)