Ruptured spleen
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| Ruptured spleen Classification and external resources | |
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| Side of thorax, showing surface markings for bones, lungs (purple), pleura (blue), and spleen (green). | |
| ICD-10 | S36.0 |
| ICD-9 | 865 |
| DiseasesDB | 12369 |
| eMedicine | med/2792 |
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Overview
Rupture of the capsule of the spleen, an organ in the upper left part of the abdomen, is a potential catastrophe that requires immediate medical and surgical attention.
Function of spleen
The spleen is an organ in the upper left side of the abdomen that filters the blood by removing old or damaged blood cells and platelets and helps the immune system by destroying bacteria and other foreign substances. It also holds extra blood that can be released into the circulatory system, if needed.
Prevention
The spleen is a useful but nonessential organ. It is sometimes removed (otherwise known as a splenectomy) in people who have blood disorders, such as thalassemia or hemolytic anemia. If the spleen is removed, a person must get certain immunizations to help prevent infections that the spleen normally fights.
Prognosis
Splenic rupture permits large amounts of blood to leak into the abdominal cavity which is severely painful and life-threatening. Shock and, ultimately, death can result. Patients typically require an urgent operation, although it is becoming more common to simply monitor the patient to make sure the bleeding stops by itself and to allow the spleen to heal itself. Rupture of a normal spleen can be caused by trauma, for example, in an accident. If an individual's spleen is enlarged, as is frequent in mononucleosis, most physicians will not allow activities (such as major contact sports) where injury to the abdomen could be catastrophic.
Signs
- abdominal pain
- pain in the left shoulder
- hypotension
- tachycardia
See also
External links
- 14-179c. at Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy Home Edition
- 11-141d. at Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy Professional Edition
- 1362427978 at GPnotebook
- BBC
Injuries, other than fractures, dislocations, sprains and strains (S00-T14, 850-929) | |
|---|---|
| Head (head injury) and neck | Black eye - Traumatic brain injury (Concussion, Diffuse axonal injury, Cerebral contusion, Epidural hematoma, Subdural hematoma, Subarachnoid hemorrhage) |
| Thorax (chest trauma) | Traumatic aortic rupture - Pneumothorax - Hemothorax - Hemopneumothorax - Pulmonary contusion - Cardiac tamponade - Commotio cordis |
| Abdomen, lower back, lumbar spine and pelvis | Ruptured spleen |
| Shoulder and upper arm | Rotator cuff tear |
| General | Spinal cord injury - Brachial plexus lesion
Abrasion - Blister - Bruise - Hematoma Wound - Bite |
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
