Pertussis physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2];
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Overview
The physical examination of a patient with pertussis is usually unremarkable. Low grade fever, cyanosis, and conjunctival hemorrhages may be observed. Involvement of the lower respiratory tract indicates another underlying or concomitant process.
Physical Examination
- The physical examination of a patient with pertussis is usually unremarkable.
- It may help rule out other upper or lower respiratory tract infections.
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with pertussis usually appear ill.[1]
- Exhaustion is common due to the intensity of coughing paroxysms and potential vomiting fits.
Vital Signs
- Low grade fever is often present in pertussis patients during the catarrhal stage.[1]
- Fever is usually absent in most patients at the time of presentation (usually in paroxysmal stage)
Skin
- Cyanosis can be present due to the intense coughing. [2]
- Bruising can occur due to the coughing paroxysms.
Eye
- Conjunctival hemorrhages may secondary to the violent coughing spasms.[1]
Lungs
- Lungs are usually clear, signs of lower tract infection in not consistent with pertussis and may indicate another concomitant or underlying process.