Insulin shock therapy

Jump to navigation Jump to search

WikiDoc Resources for Insulin shock therapy

Articles

Most recent articles on Insulin shock therapy

Most cited articles on Insulin shock therapy

Review articles on Insulin shock therapy

Articles on Insulin shock therapy in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ

Media

Powerpoint slides on Insulin shock therapy

Images of Insulin shock therapy

Photos of Insulin shock therapy

Podcasts & MP3s on Insulin shock therapy

Videos on Insulin shock therapy

Evidence Based Medicine

Cochrane Collaboration on Insulin shock therapy

Bandolier on Insulin shock therapy

TRIP on Insulin shock therapy

Clinical Trials

Ongoing Trials on Insulin shock therapy at Clinical Trials.gov

Trial results on Insulin shock therapy

Clinical Trials on Insulin shock therapy at Google

Guidelines / Policies / Govt

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Insulin shock therapy

NICE Guidance on Insulin shock therapy

NHS PRODIGY Guidance

FDA on Insulin shock therapy

CDC on Insulin shock therapy

Books

Books on Insulin shock therapy

News

Insulin shock therapy in the news

Be alerted to news on Insulin shock therapy

News trends on Insulin shock therapy

Commentary

Blogs on Insulin shock therapy

Definitions

Definitions of Insulin shock therapy

Patient Resources / Community

Patient resources on Insulin shock therapy

Discussion groups on Insulin shock therapy

Patient Handouts on Insulin shock therapy

Directions to Hospitals Treating Insulin shock therapy

Risk calculators and risk factors for Insulin shock therapy

Healthcare Provider Resources

Symptoms of Insulin shock therapy

Causes & Risk Factors for Insulin shock therapy

Diagnostic studies for Insulin shock therapy

Treatment of Insulin shock therapy

Continuing Medical Education (CME)

CME Programs on Insulin shock therapy

International

Insulin shock therapy en Espanol

Insulin shock therapy en Francais

Business

Insulin shock therapy in the Marketplace

Patents on Insulin shock therapy

Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to Insulin shock therapy

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Insulin shock therapy (IST, also called Insulin Coma Therapy) was used as a treatment for schizophrenia, psychosis and drug addiction, involving injecting the patient with massive amounts of insulin, which causes convulsions and coma. Typically, after being in the comatose state for about an hour, the procedure was terminated by administering a warm saline solution via a stomach tube or by the intravenous injection of glucose.

Insulin Shock Therapy is often viewed as a cruel practice with no reliable evidence of efficacy beyond a simple shock or placebo effect. IST had a higher apparent success rate in schizophrenics who were ill for less than two years, as this was also the time period when ‘spontaneous recovery’ was most common. Nowadays, psychiatric medications and variations in psychotherapy (e.g. cognitive behavioural therapy) or family therapy or supportive interventions are the main treatments used. Electro-convulsive therapy is still sometimes used, attracting controversy.

History

Insulin shock therapy was developed by Polish researcher Manfred Sakel in 1933 and was used well into the 1950s, being replaced by tranquilizing drugs and then later anti-psychotic drugs as well (which also have a sedative effect). This form of shock treatment, along with Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), derived from the notion (later disproved) that epileptic convulsions and schizophrenic symptoms were never present at the same time in one patient. Methods of administering the treatment varied and there was no precise way of doing it.


Complications

Epileptic seizures occur during the beginning stages of treatment, roughly 45–100 minutes into the procedure, but before the onset of the comatose state. Seizures occurring during the coma are more dangerous, requiring immediate interruption of the procedure and the ending of the comatose state, and may be followed by delayed recovery or severe shock.

Various complications would also occur from the comatose state reaching excessive depth, which also called for immediate termination of the procedure. Administrators would monitor the patient’s vital signs, among other things, to determine the level of danger.

Irreversible Coma

There was an obvious danger of unconsciousness persisting even after the administration of the proper amounts of saline solution and/or glucose. Severe cases resembled Anoxia (a condition where the entire body, or isolated areas, aren’t receiving enough oxygen), with the patient writhing about, hypertonia, and vascular shock. The milder cases involved delayed local recovery, such as the paralysis of certain limbs, aphasia, and confusion. Even some cases involved many days of unconsciousness afterwards, but death was usually avoided.

In fiction

Insulin shock has been described in various novels and movies with psychiatric context as an example of cruel treatment of patients. A well-known example is the novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest and its screen adaptation. Frederick Exley describes receiving insulin shock therapy in 1958 at Harlem Valley State Hospital in his semi-autobiographical novel A Fan's Notes.

See also

de:Insulinschocktherapie

Template:WikiDoc Sources