Hyperuricemia
You don't need to be Editor-In-Chief to add or edit content to WikiDoc. You can begin to add to or edit text on this WikiDoc page by clicking on the edit button at the top of this page. Next enter or edit the information that you would like to appear here. Once you are done editing, scroll down and click the Save page button at the bottom of the page.
| Asymptomatic hyperuricemia Classification and external resources | |
 | |
|---|---|
| Uric acid | |
| ICD-10 | E79.0 |
| ICD-9 | 790.6 |
| DiseasesDB | 5375 |
| eMedicine | med/1112 |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-632-7753
Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [2] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.
|
WikiDoc Resources for Hyperuricemia | |
|
Articles | |
|---|---|
|
Most recent articles on Hyperuricemia Most cited articles on Hyperuricemia | |
|
Media | |
|
Powerpoint slides on Hyperuricemia | |
|
Evidence Based Medicine | |
|
Clinical Trials | |
|
Ongoing Trials on Hyperuricemia at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Hyperuricemia Clinical Trials on Hyperuricemia at Google
| |
|
Guidelines / Policies / Govt | |
|
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Hyperuricemia NICE Guidance on Hyperuricemia
| |
|
Books | |
|
News | |
|
Commentary | |
|
Definitions | |
|
Patient Resources / Community | |
|
Patient resources on Hyperuricemia Discussion groups on Hyperuricemia Patient Handouts on Hyperuricemia Directions to Hospitals Treating Hyperuricemia Risk calculators and risk factors for Hyperuricemia
| |
|
Healthcare Provider Resources | |
|
Causes & Risk Factors for Hyperuricemia | |
|
Continuing Medical Education (CME) | |
|
International | |
|
| |
|
Business | |
|
Experimental / Informatics | |
Overview
Hyperuricemia (American English), or hyperuricaemia (British English), is the presence of high levels of uric acid in the blood. The upper end of the normal range is 360 micromol/L (6 mg/dL) for women and 400 micromol/L (6.8 mg/dL) for men. [1]
Causes
Hyperuricemia is caused either by accelerated generation of uric acid through purine metabolism or by impaired excretion in the kidney, or by high levels of fructose in the diet.[2][3]
Consumption of purine-rich diets is one of the main causes of hyperuricemia. Other dietary causes are ingestion of high protein and fat, and starvation. Starvation results in the body metabolizing its own muscle mass for energy, in the process releasing purines into the bloodstream. Purine bases composition of foods varies. Foods with higher content of purine bases adenine and hypoxanthine are suggested to be more potent in exacerbating hyperuricemia.[4]
Humans lack urate oxidase, an enzyme which degrades uric acid. Increased levels predispose for gout and (if very high) renal failure. Apart from normal variation (with a genetic component), tumor lysis syndrome produces extreme levels of uric acid, mainly leading to renal failure. The Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is also associated with extremely high levels of uric acid. The Metabolic syndrome often presents with hyperuricemia, while a hyperuricemic syndrome is also common in Dalmatian dogs.
Treatment
- Aquaretics
- Allopurinol (200-300mg by mouth once daily) use is controversial. By reducing uric acid production in the body, uric acid stores in the body could be mobilized leading to nephrolithiasis or gout.
- Alkalinizing the urine with Sodium Bicarbonate, Stohl's Solution, or Acetazolamide.
- Low purine diet (see gout).
- Febuxostat has been investigated.[5]
See also
External links
- REN87 at FPnotebook
- Purine Content of Food at dietaryfiberfood.com
References
- ↑ Chizyński K, Rózycka M (2005). "Hyperuricemia" (in Polish). Pol. Merkur. Lekarski 19 (113): 693-6. PMID 16498814.
- ↑ Nakagawa T, Hu H, Zharikov S, et al (2006). "A causal role for uric acid in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome". Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 290 (3): F625-31. doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00140.2005. PMID 16234313.
- ↑ Mayes PA (1993). "Intermediary metabolism of fructose". Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 58 (5 Suppl): 754S-765S. PMID 8213607.
- ↑ Brule, D. Sarwar, G. and Savoie (1992). "Changes in Serum Uric Acid Levels in Normal Human Subjects Fed Purine-Rich Foods Containing Different Amounts of Adenine and Hypoxanthine". Journal of American College of Nutrition 11 (3): 353-358.
- ↑ Becker MA, Schumacher HR, Wortmann RL, et al (2005). "Febuxostat compared with allopurinol in patients with hyperuricemia and gout". N. Engl. J. Med. 353 (23): 2450-61. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa050373. PMID 16339094.
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
