Polar effect

(Redirected from Electron-releasing group)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

WikiDoc Resources for Polar effect

Articles

Most recent articles on Polar effect

Most cited articles on Polar effect

Review articles on Polar effect

Articles on Polar effect in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ

Media

Powerpoint slides on Polar effect

Images of Polar effect

Photos of Polar effect

Podcasts & MP3s on Polar effect

Videos on Polar effect

Evidence Based Medicine

Cochrane Collaboration on Polar effect

Bandolier on Polar effect

TRIP on Polar effect

Clinical Trials

Ongoing Trials on Polar effect at Clinical Trials.gov

Trial results on Polar effect

Clinical Trials on Polar effect at Google

Guidelines / Policies / Govt

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Polar effect

NICE Guidance on Polar effect

NHS PRODIGY Guidance

FDA on Polar effect

CDC on Polar effect

Books

Books on Polar effect

News

Polar effect in the news

Be alerted to news on Polar effect

News trends on Polar effect

Commentary

Blogs on Polar effect

Definitions

Definitions of Polar effect

Patient Resources / Community

Patient resources on Polar effect

Discussion groups on Polar effect

Patient Handouts on Polar effect

Directions to Hospitals Treating Polar effect

Risk calculators and risk factors for Polar effect

Healthcare Provider Resources

Symptoms of Polar effect

Causes & Risk Factors for Polar effect

Diagnostic studies for Polar effect

Treatment of Polar effect

Continuing Medical Education (CME)

CME Programs on Polar effect

International

Polar effect en Espanol

Polar effect en Francais

Business

Polar effect in the Marketplace

Patents on Polar effect

Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to Polar effect

Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [1] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.

Overview

The Polar effect or electronic effect in chemistry is the effect exerted by a substituent on modifying electrostatic forces operating on a nearby reaction center. The main contributors to the polar effect are the inductive effect, mesomeric effect and the through-space electronic field effect.

An electron withdrawing group or EWG draws electrons away from a reaction center. When this center is an electron rich carbanion or an alkoxide anion the presence of the substituent has a stabilizing effect.

Examples of electron withdrawing groups are:

An electron releasing group or ERG (otherwise called electron donating groups or EDG) releases electrons into a reaction center and as such stabilizes electron deficient carbocations.

Examples of electron releasing groups are:

The total substituent effect is the combination of the polar effect and the combined steric effects.

In electrophilic aromatic substitution and nucleophilic aromatic substitution substituents are divided into activating groups and deactivating groups where the direction of activation or deactivation is also taken into account.

External links

Template:SIB