Anti-thrombin antibodies
You don't need to be Editor-In-Chief to add or edit content to WikiDoc. You can begin to add to or edit text on this WikiDoc page by clicking on the edit button at the top of this page. Next enter or edit the information that you would like to appear here. Once you are done editing, scroll down and click the Save page button at the bottom of the page.
| Autoantibody(s) | |
|---|---|
| Anti-Thrombin | |
| Autoantigen Isoform | coagulation- factor II |
| Autoantigen gene | F2 |
| Affected organ(s) | Cardiovascular |
| Affectedtissue(s) | serum |
| Affected cell(s) | blood platelets |
| Also Affected | serum protein inhibitor |
| AssociatedDisease(s) | Systemic lupus erythematosus |
Anti-thrombin antibodies are autoantibodies directed against thrombin that may constitute a fraction of lupus anticoagulant and are seen an increased levels in systemic lupus erythematosus.
In mammals, there is normally occurring anti-thrombrin activity (antithrombin III), which can be distinquished from autoimmune anti-thrombin. Anti-thrombin antibodies can react with both types of thrombin in the antithrombin-thrombin complex.[1] Antibodies (IgG) against thrombin can strongly inhibit its activity.[2] Inhibitory anti-thrombin antibodies can be divided into 2 groups, those that inhibit coagulation activity and those the inhibit coagulation and amidase activity.[3] Autoimmune anti-thrombin was also found to inhibit the binding of antithrombin III to thrombin.[4] Such activities are more often found with primary biliary cirrhosis.[4][5] Multiple studies have shown, however, that despite autoimmune anti-thrombin throbin inhibitory activity, these antibodies correlate with thrombotic events, so that they may also perturb the regulation of coagalatory factors.
Other than antibodies to thrombin, antibodies to vascular heparin sulfate appear to interfere with antithrombin-thrombin interaction.[6]
References
- ↑ McDuffie FC, Peterson JM, Clark G, Mann KG (1981). "Antigenic changes produced by complex formation between thrombin and antithrombin-III". J. Immunol. 127 (1): 239-44. PMID 6787123.
- ↑ Scully MF, Ellis V, Kakkar VV, Savidge GF, Williams YF, Sterndale H (1982). "An acquired coagulation inhibitor to factor II". Br. J. Haematol. 50 (4): 655-64. PMID 7066212.
- ↑ Dawes J, James K, Micklem LR, Pepper DS, Prowse CV (1984). "Monoclonal antibodies directed against human alpha-thrombin and the thrombin-antithrombin III complex". Thromb. Res. 36 (5): 397-409. PMID 6523447.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Barthels M, Heimburger N (1985). "Acquired thrombin inhibitor in a patient with liver cirrhosis". Haemostasis 15 (6): 395-401. PMID 4076847.
- ↑ Shojania AM, Meilleur G, Alvi AW (1987). "An autoantibody with potent antithrombin activity whose action could be inhibited by toluidine blue or methylene blue". Am. J. Hematol. 24 (2): 207-14. PMID 3812468.
- ↑ Shibata S, Sasaki T, Harpel P, Fillit H (1994). "Autoantibodies to vascular heparan sulfate proteoglycan in systemic lupus erythematosus react with endothelial cells and inhibit the formation of thrombin-antithrombin III complexes". Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 70 (2): 114-23. PMID 8299226.
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
