wikidoc - User contributions [en]

Template:Dacryoadenitis (patient information)

2011-09-16T20:52:25Z

Anjelica Montemayor:

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'''Dacryoadenitis
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Overview|Overview]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#What are the symptoms of Dacryoadenitis?|What are the symptoms?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#What causes Dacryoadenitis?|What are the causes?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Diagnosis|Diagnosis]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#When to seek urgent medical care?|When to seek urgent medical care?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Treatment options|Treatment options]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Where to find medical care for Dacryoadenitis?|Where to find medical care for Dacryoadenitis?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Prevention of Dacryoadenitis|Prevention]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?|What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Possible complications|Possible complications]]
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Dacryoadenitis On the Web
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[http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadenitis}}}} Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov]
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[http://images.google.com/images?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadenitis}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wi Images of Dacryoadenitis]
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[http://www.google.com/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadenitis}}}}&tbm=vid Videos on Dacryoadenitis]
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[http://google2.fda.gov/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadenitis}}}}&x=0&y=0&client=FDAgov&site=FDAgov&lr=&proxystylesheet=FDAgov&output=xml_no_dtd&getfields=* FDA on Dacryoadenitis]
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[http://www.cdc.gov/search.do?queryText={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadenitis}}}}&searchButton.x=33&searchButton.y=6&action=search CDC on Dacryoadenitis]
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[http://news.google.com/news?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadenitis}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wn Dacryoadenitis in the news]
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[http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadenitis}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wb Blogs on Dacryoadenitis]
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[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Dacryoadenitis}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Dacryoadenitis]
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[http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&hs=QWo&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadenitis}}}}+AND+risk+score+OR+risk+calculator&btnG=Search Risk calculators and risk factors for Dacryoadenitis]
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Template:Dacryoadenitis (patient information)

2011-09-16T20:50:26Z

Anjelica Montemayor:

{| class="infobox bordered" style="width: 15em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%; background:AliceBlue"
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'''Dacryoadenitis
'''
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Overview|Overview]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#What are the symptoms of Dacryoadenitis?|What are the symptoms?]]
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!

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[[{{PAGENAME}}#What causes Dacryoadenitis?|What are the causes?]]
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!

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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Who is at highest risk?|Who is at highest risk?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Diagnosis|Diagnosis]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#When to seek urgent medical care?|When to seek urgent medical care?]]
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!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Treatment options|Treatment options]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Where to find medical care for Dacryoadenitis?|Where to find medical care for Dacryoadenitis?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Prevention of Dacryoadenitis|Prevention]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?|What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Possible complications|Possible complications]]
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Dacryoadenitis On the Web
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[http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadenitis}}}} Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov]
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[http://images.google.com/images?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadenitis}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wi Images of Dacryoadenitis]
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[http://www.google.com/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadenitis}}}}&tbm=vid Videos on Dacryoadenitis]
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[http://google2.fda.gov/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadenitis}}}}&x=0&y=0&client=FDAgov&site=FDAgov&lr=&proxystylesheet=FDAgov&output=xml_no_dtd&getfields=* FDA on Dacryoadenitis]
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[http://www.cdc.gov/search.do?queryText={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadenitis}}}}&searchButton.x=33&searchButton.y=6&action=search CDC on Dacryoadenitis]
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[http://news.google.com/news?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadenitis}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wn Dacryoadenitis in the news]
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[http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadenitis}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wb Blogs on Dacryoadenitis]
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[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Dacryoadenitis}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Dacryoadenitis]
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[http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&hs=QWo&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadenitis}}}}+AND+risk+score+OR+risk+calculator&btnG=Search Risk calculators and risk factors for Dacryoadenitis]
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Dacryoadenitis (patient information)

2011-09-16T20:45:55Z

Anjelica Montemayor: New page: {{Template:Dacryoadenitis (patient information)}} '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here''' {{CMG}} ==Overview== Dacryoadenitis is an inflammation of the ...

{{Template:Dacryoadenitis (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Dacryoadenitis|here]]'''

{{CMG}}

==Overview==
Dacryoadenitis is an inflammation of the tear-producing gland (lacrimal gland).

==What are the symptoms of Dacryoadenitis?==
* Swelling of the outer portion of the upper lid, with possible redness and tenderness
* Pain in the area of swelling
* Excess tearing or discharge
* Swelling of lymph nodes in front of the ear

==What causes Dacryoadenitis?==
Acute dacryoadenitis is most commonly due to viral or bacterial infection. Common causes include mumps, Epstein-Barr virus, staphylococcus, and gonococcus.

Chronic dacryoadenitis is usually due to noninfectious inflammatory disorders. Examples include sarcoidosis, thyroid eye disease, and orbital pseudotumor.

==Diagnosis==
Dacryoadenitis can be diagnosed by examination of the eyes and lids. Special tests such as a CT scan may be required to search for the cause. Sometimes biopsy will be needed to be sure that a tumor of the lacrimal gland is not present.

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
Call your health care provider if swelling or pain increase despite treatment.

==Treatment options==
If the cause of dacryoadenitis is a viral condition such as mumps, simple rest and warm compresses may be all that is needed. For other causes, the treatment is specific to the causative disease.

==Where to find medical care for Dacryoadenitis?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Dacryoadenitis}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Dacryoadenitis]

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
Most patients will fully recover from dacryoadenitis. For conditions with more serious causes, such as sarcoidosis, the prognosis is that of the underlying condition.

==Possible complications==
Swelling may be severe enough to put pressure on the eye and distort vision. Some patients first thought to have dacryoadenitis may turn out to have a malignancy of the lacrimal gland.

==Prevention of Dacryoadenitis==
Mumps can be prevented by immunization. Infection with gonococcus, the bacteria causing gonorrhea, can be avoided by the use of safe sex practices. Most other causes cannot be prevented.

==Sources==
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001625.htm

[[Category:Patient information]]
[[Category:Overview complete]]
[[Category:Template complete]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology patient information]]

{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Template:Dacryoaedenitis (patient information)

2011-09-16T20:44:36Z

Anjelica Montemayor: Template:Dacryoaedenitis (patient information) moved to Template:Dacryoadenitis (patient information)

#REDIRECT [[Template:Dacryoadenitis (patient information)]]

Template:Dacryoadenitis (patient information)

2011-09-16T20:44:36Z

Anjelica Montemayor: Template:Dacryoaedenitis (patient information) moved to Template:Dacryoadenitis (patient information)

{| class="infobox bordered" style="width: 15em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%; background:AliceBlue"
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'''Dacryoadentitis
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Overview|Overview]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#What are the symptoms of Dacryoadentitis?|What are the symptoms?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#What causes Dacryoadentitis?|What are the causes?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Who is at highest risk?|Who is at highest risk?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Diagnosis|Diagnosis]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#When to seek urgent medical care?|When to seek urgent medical care?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Treatment options|Treatment options]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Where to find medical care for Dacryoadentitis?|Where to find medical care for Dacryoadentitis?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Prevention of Dacryoadentitis|Prevention]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?|What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Possible complications|Possible complications]]
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Dacryoadentitis On the Web
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[http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadentitis}}}} Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov]
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[http://images.google.com/images?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadentitis}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wi Images of Dacryoadentitis]
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[http://www.google.com/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadentitis}}}}&tbm=vid Videos on Dacryoadentitis]
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[http://google2.fda.gov/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadentitis}}}}&x=0&y=0&client=FDAgov&site=FDAgov&lr=&proxystylesheet=FDAgov&output=xml_no_dtd&getfields=* FDA on Dacryoadentitis]
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[http://www.cdc.gov/search.do?queryText={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadentitis}}}}&searchButton.x=33&searchButton.y=6&action=search CDC on Dacryoadentitis]
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[http://news.google.com/news?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadentitis}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wn Dacryoadentitis in the news]
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[http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadentitis}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wb Blogs on Dacryoadentitis]
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[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Dacryoadentitis}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Dacryoadentitis]
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[http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&hs=QWo&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadentitis}}}}+AND+risk+score+OR+risk+calculator&btnG=Search Risk calculators and risk factors for Dacryoadentitis]
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Template:Dacryoadenitis (patient information)

2011-09-16T20:41:02Z

Anjelica Montemayor: New page: {| class="infobox bordered" style="width: 15em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%; background:AliceBlue" |- | colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:CornFlowerBlue" | '''Dacryoad...

{| class="infobox bordered" style="width: 15em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%; background:AliceBlue"
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'''Dacryoadentitis
'''
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Overview|Overview]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#What are the symptoms of Dacryoadentitis?|What are the symptoms?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#What causes Dacryoadentitis?|What are the causes?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Who is at highest risk?|Who is at highest risk?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Diagnosis|Diagnosis]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#When to seek urgent medical care?|When to seek urgent medical care?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Treatment options|Treatment options]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Where to find medical care for Dacryoadentitis?|Where to find medical care for Dacryoadentitis?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Prevention of Dacryoadentitis|Prevention]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?|What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?]]
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Possible complications|Possible complications]]
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Dacryoadentitis On the Web
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[http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadentitis}}}} Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov]
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[http://images.google.com/images?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadentitis}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wi Images of Dacryoadentitis]
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[http://www.google.com/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadentitis}}}}&tbm=vid Videos on Dacryoadentitis]
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[http://google2.fda.gov/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadentitis}}}}&x=0&y=0&client=FDAgov&site=FDAgov&lr=&proxystylesheet=FDAgov&output=xml_no_dtd&getfields=* FDA on Dacryoadentitis]
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[http://www.cdc.gov/search.do?queryText={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadentitis}}}}&searchButton.x=33&searchButton.y=6&action=search CDC on Dacryoadentitis]
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[http://news.google.com/news?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadentitis}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wn Dacryoadentitis in the news]
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[http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadentitis}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wb Blogs on Dacryoadentitis]
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[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Dacryoadentitis}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Dacryoadentitis]
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[http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&hs=QWo&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Dacryoadentitis}}}}+AND+risk+score+OR+risk+calculator&btnG=Search Risk calculators and risk factors for Dacryoadentitis]
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Keratoconus (patient information)

2011-09-16T20:28:50Z

Anjelica Montemayor: New page: {{Template:Keratoconus (patient information)}} '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here''' {{CMG}} ==Overview== Keratoconus is degeneration of the structure of...

{{Template:Keratoconus (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Keratoconus|here]]'''

{{CMG}}

==Overview==
Keratoconus is degeneration of the structure of the cornea. The cornea is the clear tissue covering the front of the eye.

The shape of the cornea slowly changes from the normal round shape to a cone shape.

==What are the symptoms of Keratoconus?==
The earliest symptom is subtle blurring of vision that cannot be corrected with glasses. (Vision can generally be corrected to 20/20 with rigid, gas-permeable contact lenses.)

Most people who develop keratoconus start out nearsighted. The nearsightedness tends to become worse over time.

==What causes Keratoconus?==
The cause is unknown, but the tendency to develop keratoconus is probably present from birth. Keratoconus is thought to involve a defect in collagen, the tissue that makes up most of the cornea.

Some researchers believe that allergy and eye rubbing may play a role.

Also, there is an association between keratoconus and Down syndrome.

==Who is at highest risk?==
Most people who develop keratoconus start out nearsighted. The nearsightedness tends to become worse over time.

==Diagnosis==
Keratoconus is often discovered during adolescence. It can usually be diagnosed with slit-lamp examination of the cornea. The most accurate test is called corneal topography, which creates a map of the curve of the cornea.

When keratoconus is advanced, the cornea will be thinner at the point of the cone. This can be measured with a painless test called pachymetry.

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
Young persons whose vision cannot be corrected to 20/20 with glasses should be evaluated by an eye doctor experienced with keratoconus.

==Treatment options==
Contact lenses are the main treatment for most patients with keratoconus. Severe cases may require corneal transplantation as a last resort.

The following newer technologies may delay or prevent the need for corneal transplantation:

* Using high-frequency radio energy or corneal implants called intracorneal ring segments, the shape of the cornea can be changed so that vision with contact lenses is improved.
* An experimental treatment called corneal cross-linking, which will soon be available, causes the cornea to become hard and stops the condition from getting worse. The cornea can then be reshaped with laser vision correction.

==Where to find medical care for Keratoconus?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Keratoconus}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Keratoconus]

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
In most cases vision can be corrected with rigid gas-permeable contact lenses.

If corneal transplantation is needed, results are usually good. The recovery period can be long, and patients often still need contact lenses.

==Possible complications==
There is a risk of rejection after corneal transplantation, but the risk is much lower than with other organ transplants.

Patients with even borderline keratoconus should not have laser vision correction. Corneal topography is done before laser vision correction to rule out people with this condition.

==Prevention of Keratoconus==
There are no preventive measures. Some specialists believe that patients with keratoconus should have their eye allergies aggressively treated and should be instructed not to rub their eyes.

==Sources==
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001013.htm

[[Category:Patient information]]
[[Category:Overview complete]]
[[Category:Template complete]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology patient information]]

{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Template:Keratoconus (patient information)

2011-09-16T20:10:20Z

{| class="infobox bordered" style="width: 15em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%; background:AliceBlue"
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'''Keratoconus
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[http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Keratoconus}}}} Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov]
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[http://google2.fda.gov/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Keratoconus}}}}&x=0&y=0&client=FDAgov&site=FDAgov&lr=&proxystylesheet=FDAgov&output=xml_no_dtd&getfields=* FDA on Keratoconus]
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[http://www.cdc.gov/search.do?queryText={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Keratoconus}}}}&searchButton.x=33&searchButton.y=6&action=search CDC on Keratoconus]
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Interstitial keratitis (patient information)

2011-09-16T20:04:07Z

Anjelica Montemayor: New page: {{Template:Interstitial keratitis (patient information)}} '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here''' {{CMG}} ==Overview== Interstitial keratitis is...

{{Template:Interstitial keratitis (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Interstitial keratitis|here]]'''

{{CMG}}

==Overview==
Interstitial keratitis is inflammation of the tissue of the cornea, the clear window on the front of the eye. The condition can lead to vision loss.

==What are the symptoms of Interstitial keratitis?==
* Eye pain
* Excessive tearing
* Sensitivity to light (photophobia)

==What causes Interstitial keratitis?==
Interstitial keratitis is a serious condition in which blood vessels grow into the cornea. Such growth can cause loss of the normal clearness of the cornea. This condition is often caused by infections.

Syphilis is the most common cause of interstitial keratitis, but rare causes include:

* Autoimmune diseases, like rheumatoid arthritis and sarcoidosis
* Leprosy
* Lyme disease
* Tuberculosis

==Who is at highest risk?==
In the United States, most cases of syphilis are recognized and treated before this eye condition develops. However, interstitial keratitis remains the most common cause of blindness in the world.

==Diagnosis==
Interstitial keratitis can be easily diagnosed by slit-lamp examination of the eyes. Blood tests and chest x-rays will usually be needed to confirm the infection or disease that is causing the condition.

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
All patients with interstitial keratitis will be closely followed by an ophthalmologist and a medical specialist with expertise in the underlying disease. Any worsening pain, increasing redness, or decreasing vision should be evaluated immediately. This is particularly crucial for patients with corneal transplants.

==Treatment options==
The underlying disease must be treated. Treating the cornea with corticosteroid drops may minimize scarring and help keep the cornea clear.

Once the active inflammation has passed, the cornea is left severely scarred and with abnormal blood vessels. The only way to restore vision at this stage is with a cornea transplant.

==Where to find medical care for Interstitial keratitis?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Interstitial keratitis}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Interstitial keratitis]

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
Diagnosing and treating interstitial keratitis and its cause early can preserve the clear cornea and good vision.

==Possible complications==
A corneal transplantation is not as successful for interstitial keratitis as it is for most other corneal diseases. The presence of blood vessels in the diseased cornea brings white blood cells to the newly transplanted cornea and increases the risk of rejection.

==Prevention of Interstitial keratitis==
Prevention consists of avoiding the underlying infection, and if infected, receiving prompt and thorough treatment and follow-up.

==Sources==
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001609.htm

[[Category:Patient information]]
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{{WH}}
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Template:Interstitial keratitis (patient information)

2011-09-16T19:57:57Z

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Fuchs' dystrophy (patient information)

2011-09-16T19:50:06Z

Anjelica Montemayor: New page: {{Template:Fuchs' dystrophy (patient information)}} '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here''' {{CMG}} ==Overview== Fuchs' (pronounced Fooks) dystrophy i...

{{Template:Fuchs' dystrophy (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Fuchs' dystrophy|here]]'''

{{CMG}}

==Overview==
Fuchs' (pronounced Fooks) dystrophy is an eye disease in which cells lining the inner surface of the cornea slowly start to die off. The disease usually affects both eyes.

==What are the symptoms of Fuchs' dystrophy?==
* Eye pain
* Eye sensitivity to light, especially glare
* Foggy or blurred vision, at first only in the mornings
* Seeing colored halos around lights
* Worsening vision throughout the day

==What causes Fuchs' dystrophy?==
Fuchs' dystrophy affects the thin layer of cells that line the back part of the cornea. This layer is called the endothelium. The disease occurs when these cells slowly start to die off. (The cause is unknown.) The cells help pump excess fluid out of the cornea. As more and more cells are lost, fluid begins to build up in the cornea, causing swelling and a cloudy cornea.

At first, fluid may build up only during sleep, when the eye is closed. As the disease gets worse, small blisters may form in the endothelium. The blisters get bigger and may eventually break, causing eye pain. Fuchs' dystrophy can also cause the shape of the cornea to change, causing further vision problems.

==Who is at highest risk?==
Fuchs' dystrophy can be inherited, which means it can be passed down from parents to children. In some families, it is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. That means that if either of your parents has the disease, you have a 50% chance of developing the condition.

However, the condition may also occur in persons without a known family history of the disease.

Fuchs' dystrophy is more common in women than in men. Vision problems usually do not appear before age 50, although doctors may be able to see signs of the disease in affected persons at an earlier age, usually in their 30s and 40s.

==Diagnosis==
A doctor can diagnose Fuchs' dystrophy during a slit-lamp examination.

Additional tests that may be done include:

* Pachymetry -- measures the thickness of the cornea
* Specular microscope examination -- allows the doctor to look at thin layer of cells that line the back part of the cornea
* Visual acuity test

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
Call your health care provider if you have:

* Eye pain
* Eye sensitivity to light
* The feeling that something is in your eye when there is nothing there
* Vision problems such as seeing halos or cloudy vision
* Worsening vision

==Treatment options==
Eye drops or ointments that draw fluid out of the cornea are used to relieve symptoms of Fuchs' dystrophy.

If painful sores develop on the cornea, soft contact lenses or surgery to create flaps over the sores may help reduce pain.

The only cure for Fuchs' dystrophy is a corneal transplant. Fuchs' dystrophy is one of the leading reasons for corneal transplantion in the United States.

Deep lamellar keratoplasty (DLK) is an alternative to a traditional transplant. In this procedure, only the deep layers of the cornea are replaced with donor tissue. The procedure requires no stitches. Recovery time is faster and there are fewer complications, such as rejection.

==Where to find medical care for Fuchs' dystrophy?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Fuchs' dystrophy}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Fuchs' dystrophy]

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
Fuchs' dystrophy gets worse over time. Without a corneal transplant, a patient with severe Fuchs' dystrophy may become blind or have severe pain and very reduced vision.

Mild cases of Fuchs' dystrophy often worsen after cataract surgery. A cataract surgeon will evaluate this risk and may modify the technique or the timing of your cataract surgery.

==Possible complications==
Complications of Fuchs' dystrophy include:

* Light sensitivity
* Mild to severe vision loss
* Frequent, severe pain as the disease gets worse

==Prevention of Fuchs' dystrophy==
There is no known prevention. Avoiding cataract surgery or taking special precautions during cataract surgery may help slow down the course of the disease.

==Sources==
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007295.htm

[[Category:Patient information]]
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{{WH}}
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Template:Fuchs' dystrophy (patient information)

2011-09-16T19:42:11Z

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Corneal injury (patient information)

2011-09-16T19:34:53Z

Anjelica Montemayor: New page: {{Template:Corneal injury (patient information)}} '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here''' {{CMG}} ==Overview== Corneal injury describes an injury to the...

{{Template:Corneal injury (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Corneal injury|here]]'''

{{CMG}}

==Overview==
Corneal injury describes an injury to the cornea. The cornea is the crystal clear (transparent) tissue covering the front of the eye. It works with the lens of the eye to focus images on the retina.

==What are the symptoms of Corneal injury?==
* Being very sensitive to light
* Blurred vision
* Decrease in vision
* Eye pain or stinging and burning in the eye
* Feeling like something is in your eye, called a foreign-body sensation
* Redness of the eye, "bloodshot" eyes
* Swollen eyelids
* Watery eyes or increased tearing

==What causes Corneal injury?==
Injuries to the cornea are common.

Injuries to the outer surface of the cornea, called corneal abrasions, may be caused by:

* Chemical irritation - from almost any fluid that gets into the eye
* Overuse of contact lenses or lenses that don't fit correctly
* Reaction or sensitivity to contact lens solutions and cosmetics
* Scratches or scrapes on the surface of the cornea (called an abrasion)
* Something getting into the eye (such as sand or dust)
* Sunlight, sun lamps, snow or water reflections, or arc-welding

Infections may also damage the cornea.

==Who is at highest risk?==
You are more likely to develop a corneal injury if you:

* Are exposed to sunlight or artificial ultraviolet light for long periods of time
* Have ill-fitting contact lenses or overuse your contact lenses
* Have very dry eyes
* Work in a dusty environment

High-speed particles, such as chips from hammering metal on metal, may become embedded in the surface of the cornea. Rarely, they may pass through the cornea and go deeper into the eye.

==Diagnosis==
A complete eye exam must be done. The health care provider may use a special stain called fluorescein, placed on the surface of the eye.

Tests that are used to examine the eye for damage to the cornea include:

* Standard ophthalmic exam
* Slit lamp examination of the eye

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
Call your health care provider if the injury has not significantly improved in 2 days with treatment

==Treatment options==
Anyone with severe eye pain needs to be evaluated in an emergency care center or by an ophthalmologist immediately.

Treatment for corneal injuries may involve:

* Removing any foreign material from the eye
* Wearing an eye patch or temporary bandage contact lens
* Using eye drops or ointments prescribed by the doctor
* Not wearing contact lenses until the eye has healed
* Taking pain medicines

An abrasion or foreign object that is large enough to damage the cornea may not be visible without proper magnification or special eye drops that stain the cornea. Abrasions will often feel like foreign bodies in the eye.

==Where to find medical care for Corneal injury?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Corneal injury}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Corneal injury]

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
Injuries that affect only the surface of the cornea normally heal very rapidly with treatment. The eye should be back to normal within 2 days.

Penetrating corneal injuries are much more serious. The outcome depends on the specific injury.

==Possible complications==
Severe corneal injury may require extensive surgery or a cornea transplant.

==Prevention of Corneal injury==
* Wear safety goggles at all times when using hand or power tools or chemicals, during high impact sports, or in other situations where there is a potential for eye injury.
* Wear sunglasses designed to screen ultraviolet light when you are exposed to sunlight, even during the winter.
* Be careful when using household cleaners. Many household products contain strong acids, alkalis, or other chemicals. Drain and oven cleaners are particularly dangerous. They can lead to blindness if not used correctly.

==Sources==
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001017.htm

[[Category:Patient information]]
[[Category:Overview complete]]
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[[Category:Ophthalmology patient information]]

{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Template:Corneal injury (patient information)

2011-09-16T19:23:55Z

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[http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Corneal injury}}}} Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov]
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[http://google2.fda.gov/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Corneal injury}}}}&x=0&y=0&client=FDAgov&site=FDAgov&lr=&proxystylesheet=FDAgov&output=xml_no_dtd&getfields=* FDA on Corneal injury]
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[http://www.cdc.gov/search.do?queryText={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Corneal injury}}}}&searchButton.x=33&searchButton.y=6&action=search CDC on Corneal injury]
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[http://news.google.com/news?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Corneal injury}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wn Corneal injury in the news]
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[http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&hs=QWo&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Corneal injury}}}}+AND+risk+score+OR+risk+calculator&btnG=Search Risk calculators and risk factors for Corneal injury]
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Corneal edema (patient information)

2011-09-16T17:42:44Z

Anjelica Montemayor: ←Redirected page to Cloudy cornea (patient information)

#REDIRECT [[Cloudy cornea (patient information)]]

[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology patient information]]

Cloudy cornea (patient information)

2011-09-16T17:38:26Z

Anjelica Montemayor: New page: {{Template:Cloudy cornea (patient information)}} '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here''' {{CMG}} ==Overview== A cloudy cornea is a loss of transparency o...

{{Template:Cloudy cornea (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Cloudy cornea|here]]'''

{{CMG}}

==Overview==
A cloudy cornea is a loss of transparency of the cornea.

==What causes Cloudy cornea?==
The cornea is normally a nearly invisible, clear structure covering the iris of the eye. Its two purposes are to transmit and focus the light entering the eye.

Causes of cloudy cornea include:

* Chemical burns to the cornea
* Herpetic keratoconjunctivitis (a form of conjunctivitis caused by herpes simplex)
* Infectious diseases
* Poor nutrition
* River blindness (onchocerciasis -- an infection common in parts of Africa)
* Several rare inherited diseases involving abnormal metabolism
* Sjogren syndrome
* Trachoma
* Trauma
* Vitamin A deficiency

Clouding leads to varying degrees of vision loss.

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
Contact your health care provider if:

* The outer surface of the eye appears cloudy
* You have trouble with your vision

Note: It is appropriate to see an ophthalmologist for vision or eye problems. However, your primary health care provider may also be involved if a whole-body (systemic) disease is suspected.

==Treatment options==
Consult your health care provider. There is no appropriate home care.

==Where to find medical care for Cloudy cornea?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Cloudy cornea}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Cloudy cornea]

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
The health care provider will examine your eyes and ask questions about your medical history.

Questions may include:

* Did the cornea become cloudy quickly, or did it develop slowly?
* When did you first notice this?
* Does it affect both eyes?
* Is there any history of injury to the eye?
* What other symptoms do you have?
* Do you have any trouble with your vision?
* If so, what type (blurring, reduced vision, or other) and how much?

Tests may include:

* Biopsy of lid tissue
* Ophthalmoscopy
* Special photographs to measure the cells of the cornea
* Standard eye exam
* Ultrasound to measure corneal thickness

==Sources==
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003317.htm

[[Category:Patient information]]
[[Category:Overview complete]]
[[Category:Template complete]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology patient information]]

{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Template:Cloudy cornea (patient information)

2011-09-16T17:33:56Z

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[http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Cloudy cornea}}}} Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov]
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[http://google2.fda.gov/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Cloudy cornea}}}}&x=0&y=0&client=FDAgov&site=FDAgov&lr=&proxystylesheet=FDAgov&output=xml_no_dtd&getfields=* FDA on Cloudy cornea]
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[http://www.cdc.gov/search.do?queryText={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Cloudy cornea}}}}&searchButton.x=33&searchButton.y=6&action=search CDC on Cloudy cornea]
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[http://news.google.com/news?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Cloudy cornea}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wn Cloudy cornea in the news]
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Retinoblastoma (patient information)

2011-09-16T17:26:09Z

Anjelica Montemayor:

{{Template:Retinoblastoma (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Retinoblastoma|here]]'''

{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' Jinhui Wu, M.D.

==Overview==
Retinoblastoma is cancerous tumor in eyes. It usually occurs in children under 3 years. Epidemilogical data suggest that the development of retinoblastoma is related to heredity. Usual symptoms include [[strabismus]], white or pink pupil when shining, [[vision problems]], eye pain, etc. Ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may help diagnosis. Treatments invlove [[surgery]], [[radiation therapy]], [[chemotherapy]], laser therapy, cryotherapy, thermotherapy, or high dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplant.

==What are the symptoms of Retinoblastoma?==
Retinoblastomas are usually found because a parent or pediatrician notices a child's eye looks unusual.
:*The pupil often appears white or pink when you shine a light in a child's eye.
:*Lazy eye ([[strabismus]]): Both eyes do not appear to look in the same direction.
:*Vision problems
:*Eye pain
:*Redness of the white part of the eye
:*A pupil that does not get smaller when exposed to bright light
Other health problems may also cause these symptoms. Only a pediatrician can tell for sure. A person with any of these symptoms should tell the doctor so that the problems can be diagnosed and treated as early as possible. Other conditions with similar symptoms are:

:*[[Coats disease]]
:*[[Retrolental fibroplasia]]
:*[[Persisent hyperplastic primary virtreus]]
:*[[Metastatic endophthalmitis]]

==What causes Retinoblastoma?==
Retinoblastoma is caused by a mutation in a gene controlling cell division, causing cells to grow out of control and become cancerous.

In a little over half of the cases, this mutation develops in a child whose family has never had eye cancer.

Other times the mutation is present in several family members. If the mutation runs in the family, there is a 50% chance that an affected person's children will also have the mutation. They will therefore have a high risk of developing retinoblastoma themselves.

The cancer generally affects children under the age of 6. It is most commonly diagnosed in children aged 1 - 2 years.

==Who is at highest risk?==
Heredity and age are the risk factors of retinoblastoma.
:*Heredity: Studies show that about 1/3 cases of retinoblastoma are caused by the Rb1 gene mutation. The rest 2/3 cases occur as a result of a random gene mutation.
:*Age: Most children diagnosed with retinoblastoma are younger than 3 years old.

==Diagnosis==
:*Ultrasound: This is an painless test which uses sound waves to create a picture of the eye balls. Because tumors generate different echoes of sound waves than normal tissue, the doctor can locate a mass inside the body. Ultrasound is one of the most commonly used imaging tests to confirm retinoblastoma is present.
:*Computed tomography (CT) scan: CT scans are often used to diagnose retinoblastoma. It can confirm the location of the cancer and show the tissues near the tumor.
:*Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): An MRI uses magnetic fields but it is a different type of image than what is produced by computed tomography (CT) and produces detailed images of the body. Like computed tomography (CT), a contrast agent may be injected into a patient’s vein to create a better picture.
:*Whole Bone Scan: The goal of a whole body bone scan is to show if a cancer has metastasized to your bones.

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
Call your health care provider if symptoms of retinoblastoma develop.

==Treatment options==
Patients with retinoblastoma have many treatment options. The selection depends on the stage of the tumor. The options are [[surgery]], [[radiation therapy]], [[chemotherapy]], laser therapy, cryotherapy, thermotherapy, or high dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplant. Before treatment starts, ask your health care team about possible side effects and how treatment may change your normal activities. Because cancer treatments often damage healthy cells and tissues, side effects are common. [[Side effect]] may not be the same for each person, and they may change from one treatment session to the next.
:*[[Surgery]]: The surgery is called enucleation. During the surgery, an orbital implant is also put in to take the place of the eyeball.
:*[[Radiation therapy]]: This is a cancer treatment to kill cancer cells or keep them from growing by using high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation.
:*[[Chemotherapy]]: The treatment is to use drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing.
:*Laser therapy: This treatment uses laser beams to destroy the tumors and the blood vessels that supply them. It is effective only for smaller tumors.
:*Cryotherapy: Cryotherapy uses a very cool, small probe to kill the retinoblastoma cells by freezing them. It is only effective for relatively single small tumor.
:*Thermotherapy: Thermotherapy uses infrared waves to treat retinoblastoma.
:*High dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplant: This treatment is used to treat children with retinoblastoma that has spread.

==Where to find medical care for Retinoblastoma?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|retinoblastoma}}}}&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=65.008093,112.148438&ie=UTF8&ll=37.0625,-95.677068&spn=91.690419,149.414063&z=2&source=embed Directions to Hospitals Treating retinoblastoma]

==Prevention of Retinoblastoma==
Because retinoblastoma is related to heredity, a parent or child can do nothing to prevent this cancer. But it is very important to detect cancer early and get the most effective treatment.

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
The prognosis of retinoblastoma depends on the following:
:*Whether or not the tumor can be removed by surgery.
:*The stage of the cancer: the size of the tumor, whether the cancer has spread
:*The child’s general health

==Possible complications==
*Local spread of tumor.
*Development of other tumors.
*Cataract from radiotherapy.
*Failure of tooth eruption after radiotherapy.
*Bony deformities

==Sources==
http://www.cancer.org/docroot/CRI/CRI_2_3x.asp?dt=37

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/eyecancer.html

[[Category:Patient information]]
[[Category:Mature chapter]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Oncology patient information]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology patient information]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
[[Category:Pediatrics patient information]]
[[Category:Disease state]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Overview complete]]
[[Category:Template complete]]

{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Retinoblastoma (patient information)

2011-09-16T17:23:37Z

Anjelica Montemayor:

{{Template:Retinoblastoma (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Retinoblastoma|here]]'''

{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' Jinhui Wu, M.D.

==Overview==
Retinoblastoma is cancerous tumor in eyes. It usually occurs in children under 3 years. Epidemilogical data suggest that the development of retinoblastoma is related to heredity. Usual symptoms include [[strabismus]], white or pink pupil when shining, [[vision problems]], eye pain, etc. Ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may help diagnosis. Treatments invlove [[surgery]], [[radiation therapy]], [[chemotherapy]], laser therapy, cryotherapy, thermotherapy, or high dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplant.

==What are the symptoms of Retinoblastoma?==
Retinoblastomas are usually found because a parent or pediatrician notices a child's eye looks unusual.
:*The pupil often appears white or pink when you shine a light in a child's eye.
:*Lazy eye ([[strabismus]]): Both eyes do not appear to look in the same direction.
:*Vision problems
:*Eye pain
:*Redness of the white part of the eye
:*A pupil that does not get smaller when exposed to bright light
Other health problems may also cause these symptoms. Only a pediatrician can tell for sure. A person with any of these symptoms should tell the doctor so that the problems can be diagnosed and treated as early as possible. Other conditions with similar symptoms are:

:*[[Coats disease]]
:*[[Retrolental fibroplasia]]
:*[[Persisent hyperplastic primary virtreus]]
:*[[Metastatic endophthalmitis]]

==Who is at highest risk?==
Heredity and age are the risk factors of retinoblastoma.
:*Heredity: Studies show that about 1/3 cases of retinoblastoma are caused by the Rb1 gene mutation. The rest 2/3 cases occur as a result of a random gene mutation.
:*Age: Most children diagnosed with retinoblastoma are younger than 3 years old.

==Diagnosis==
:*Ultrasound: This is an painless test which uses sound waves to create a picture of the eye balls. Because tumors generate different echoes of sound waves than normal tissue, the doctor can locate a mass inside the body. Ultrasound is one of the most commonly used imaging tests to confirm retinoblastoma is present.
:*Computed tomography (CT) scan: CT scans are often used to diagnose retinoblastoma. It can confirm the location of the cancer and show the tissues near the tumor.
:*Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): An MRI uses magnetic fields but it is a different type of image than what is produced by computed tomography (CT) and produces detailed images of the body. Like computed tomography (CT), a contrast agent may be injected into a patient’s vein to create a better picture.
:*Whole Bone Scan: The goal of a whole body bone scan is to show if a cancer has metastasized to your bones.

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
Call your health care provider if symptoms of retinoblastoma develop.

==Treatment options==
Patients with retinoblastoma have many treatment options. The selection depends on the stage of the tumor. The options are [[surgery]], [[radiation therapy]], [[chemotherapy]], laser therapy, cryotherapy, thermotherapy, or high dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplant. Before treatment starts, ask your health care team about possible side effects and how treatment may change your normal activities. Because cancer treatments often damage healthy cells and tissues, side effects are common. [[Side effect]] may not be the same for each person, and they may change from one treatment session to the next.
:*[[Surgery]]: The surgery is called enucleation. During the surgery, an orbital implant is also put in to take the place of the eyeball.
:*[[Radiation therapy]]: This is a cancer treatment to kill cancer cells or keep them from growing by using high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation.
:*[[Chemotherapy]]: The treatment is to use drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing.
:*Laser therapy: This treatment uses laser beams to destroy the tumors and the blood vessels that supply them. It is effective only for smaller tumors.
:*Cryotherapy: Cryotherapy uses a very cool, small probe to kill the retinoblastoma cells by freezing them. It is only effective for relatively single small tumor.
:*Thermotherapy: Thermotherapy uses infrared waves to treat retinoblastoma.
:*High dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplant: This treatment is used to treat children with retinoblastoma that has spread.

==Where to find medical care for Retinoblastoma?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|retinoblastoma}}}}&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=65.008093,112.148438&ie=UTF8&ll=37.0625,-95.677068&spn=91.690419,149.414063&z=2&source=embed Directions to Hospitals Treating retinoblastoma]

==Prevention of Retinoblastoma==
Because retinoblastoma is related to heredity, a parent or child can do nothing to prevent this cancer. But it is very important to detect cancer early and get the most effective treatment.

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
The prognosis of retinoblastoma depends on the following:
:*Whether or not the tumor can be removed by surgery.
:*The stage of the cancer: the size of the tumor, whether the cancer has spread
:*The child’s general health

==Possible complications==
*Local spread of tumor.
*Development of other tumors.
*Cataract from radiotherapy.
*Failure of tooth eruption after radiotherapy.
*Bony deformities

==Sources==
http://www.cancer.org/docroot/CRI/CRI_2_3x.asp?dt=37

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/eyecancer.html

[[Category:Patient information]]
[[Category:Mature chapter]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Oncology patient information]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology patient information]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
[[Category:Pediatrics patient information]]
[[Category:Disease state]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Overview complete]]
[[Category:Template complete]]

{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Template:Retinoblastoma (patient information)

2011-09-16T17:19:34Z

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[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Retinoblastoma}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Retinoblastoma]
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[http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&hs=QWo&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Retinoblastoma}}}}+AND+risk+score+OR+risk+calculator&btnG=Search Risk calculators and risk factors for Retinoblastoma]
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Melanoma of the eye (patient information)

2011-09-16T17:05:14Z

Anjelica Montemayor: New page: {{Template:Melanoma of the eye (patient information)}} '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here''' {{CMG}} ==Overview== Melanoma of the eye is cancer t...

{{Template:Melanoma of the eye (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Melanoma of the eye|here]]'''

{{CMG}}

==Overview==
Melanoma of the eye is cancer that occurs in various parts of the eye.

==What are the symptoms of Melanoma of the eye?==
* Bulging eyes
* Change in iris color
* Poor vision in one eye
* Red, painful eye
* Small defect on the iris or conjunctiva

* In some cases, there may be no symptoms.

==What causes Melanoma of the eye?==
Melanoma is a very aggressive type of cancer that can spread rapidly.

Melanoma of the eye can affect several parts of the eye, including the:

* Choroid
* Ciliary body
* Conjunctiva
* Eyelid
* Iris
* Orbit

The choroid layer is the most likely location of melanoma in the eye.

The cancer may only be in the eye, or it may spread (metastasize) to another location in the body, most commonly the liver. Melanoma can also begin on the skin or other organs in the body and spread to the eye.

==Who is at highest risk?==
Melanoma is the most common type of eye tumor in adults. Even so, primary melanoma of the eye is rare.

Excessive exposure to sunlight is an important risk factor. The occurrence of melanoma has greatly increased in recent decades. Fair-skinned and blue-eyed people are most often affected.

==Diagnosis==
An eye examination with an ophthalmoscope may reveal a single round or oval lump (tumor) in the eye.

Tests may include:

* Cranial CT scan to look for spread (metastasis) to the brain
* Eye ultrasound
* MRI of the head to look for metastasis to the brain
* Skin biopsy if there is an affected area on the skin

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
Call for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of melanoma of the eye.

==Treatment options==
Small melanomas may be treated with lasers, brachytherapy, or radiation therapy.

Surgical removal of the eye (enucleation) may be necessary.

Chemotherapy or biological therapy (interferon) are considered less effective therapies for melanoma involving the eye.

==Where to find medical care for Melanoma of the eye?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Melanoma of the eye}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Melanoma of the eye]

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
The outcome for melanoma of the eye depends on the size of the cancer at the time of diagnosis. Most patients will survive at least 5 years from the time of diagnosis if the cancer has not spread outside the eye.

If the cancer has spread outside the eye, the chance of survival is much lower.

==Possible complications==
* Distortion or loss of vision
* Retinal detachment
* Spread of the tumor to other areas of the body

==Prevention of Melanoma of the eye==
The most important way to prevent eye melanoma is to avoid excessive exposure to sunlight, especially between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m., when the sun's rays are most intense. Wear sunglasses, and be sure they have ultraviolet protection.

A yearly eye exam is recommended.

==Sources==
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001022.htm

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2011-09-16T16:59:29Z

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Lacrimal gland tumor (patient information)

2011-09-16T16:12:56Z

Anjelica Montemayor: New page: {{Template:Lacrimal gland tumor (patient information)}} '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here''' {{CMG}} ==Overview== A lacrimal gland tumor is a t...

{{Template:Lacrimal gland tumor (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Lacrimal gland tumor|here]]'''

{{CMG}}

==Overview==
A lacrimal gland tumor is a tumor in the glands that release tears. These glands are located above and to the side of each eye. The tumor can be harmless (benign) or cancer (malignant).

==What are the symptoms of Lacrimal gland tumor?==
* Double vision
* Fullness in one eyelid or the side of the face
* Pain

==Diagnosis==
A head and neck or eye (orbital) specialist will perform an examination and evaluate vision. Tests may include a CT or MRI scan.

==Treatment options==
Often patients need surgery to remove the tumor. Cancerous tumors may need additional treatment.

==Where to find medical care for Lacrimal gland tumor?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Lacrimal gland tumor}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Lacrimal gland tumor]

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
If lacrimal gland tumor is not treated, the child may be permanently unable to fully move the elbow. With treatment, there is usually no permanent damage.

The outlook is generally excellent for noncancerous growths. The outlook for cancer depends on the type of cancer and stage at which it is discovered.

==Sources==
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001611.htm

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Template:Lacrimal gland tumor (patient information)

2011-09-16T16:08:30Z

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Dry eye syndrome (patient information)

2011-09-16T16:00:11Z

Anjelica Montemayor: New page: {{Template:Dry eye syndrome (patient information)}} '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here''' {{CMG}} ==Overview== Dry eye syndrome is when the eye is u...

{{Template:Dry eye syndrome (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Dry eye syndrome|here]]'''

{{CMG}}

==Overview==
Dry eye syndrome is when the eye is unable to maintain a healthy layer of tears to coat it.

==What causes Dry eye syndrome?==
Dry eye syndrome often occurs in people who are otherwise healthy.

In rare cases, it can be associated with rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, and other similar diseases. It may also be caused by heat (thermal) or chemical burns.

In areas of the world where malnutrition is common, vitamin A deficiency is a cause. This is rare in the United States.

==Who is at highest risk?==
It is more common with older age, because you produce fewer tears with age.

==Diagnosis==
Signs include:

* Reduced visual acuity
* Thick cornea

Tests may include:

* Slit lamp (biomicroscope) exam of the film of tears (a dye such as fluorescein may be placed in the eye to make the tear film more visible)
* Schirmer's test -- measures the rate of tear production using a calibrated paper wick placed on the edge of the eyelid

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
See your health care provider immediately if you have dry eyes and have:

* A sudden increase in discomfort or redness
* A sudden decrease in vision

==Treatment options==
Treatments may include:

* Hot compresses or eyelash cleaning
* Lubricating ointments (in more severe cases)
* Medications such as Restasis, topical corticosteroids, and oral tetracycline and doxyccycline
* Tiny plugs placed in the tear drainage ducts to help the tears stay on the surface of the eye
* Wetting drops called artificial tears

Surgery may be used if the eyelids are in an abnormal position.

==Where to find medical care for Dry eye syndrome?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Dry eye syndrome}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Dry eye syndrome]

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
Most patients with dry eye have only discomfort, and no vision loss. With severe cases, the clear window on the front of the eye (cornea) may become damaged or infected.

==Possible complications==
Ulcers or infections of the cornea are serious complications.

==Prevention of Dry eye syndrome==
There is no way to prevent dry eye syndrome. You can prevent complications by using wetting and lubricating drops and ointments.

==Sources==
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000426.htm

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Template:Dry eye syndrome (patient information)

2011-09-16T15:56:54Z

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Template:Dry eyes (patient information)

2011-09-16T15:51:09Z

Anjelica Montemayor:

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Dry eyes (patient information)

2011-09-16T15:50:08Z

Anjelica Montemayor: New page: {{Template:Dry eyes (patient information)}} '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here''' {{CMG}} ==Overview== Dry eyes are caused by a lack of tears. Tears are nec...

{{Template:Dry eyes (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Dry eyes|here]]'''

{{CMG}}

==Overview==
Dry eyes are caused by a lack of tears. Tears are necessary for the normal lubrication of your eyes and to wash away particles and foreign bodies.

==What are the symptoms of Dry eyes?==
If you have dry eyes, you will feel a burning, scratching, or stinging sensation. You may also have strained or tired eyes after reading, even for short periods of time. If you wear contacts, they will likely feel uncomfortable. Having dry eyes for a while can lead to tiny abrasions on the surface of your eyes.

==What causes Dry eyes?==
Common causes of dry eyes include:

* Aging
* Dry environment or workplace (wind, air conditioning)
* Sun exposure
* Smoking or second-hand smoke exposure
* Cold or allergy medicines
* An eye injury or other problem with your eyes or eyelids (like a drooping eyelid or bulging eyes)
* Sjogren's syndrome -- includes dry eyes, mouth, and mucus membranes, and often rheumatoid arthritis or other joint disorder
* Previous eye surgery

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
Call your health care provider if:

* You have red or painful eyes.
* You have flaking, discharge, or a lesion on your eye or eyelid.
* You have had trauma to your eye, or you have a bulging eye or a drooping eyelid.
* You have joint pain, swelling, or stiffness.
* You also have a dry mouth.
* Your dry eyes do not respond to self-care measures within a few days.

==Treatment options==
The following steps may help:

* Try artificial tears, available as either drops or ointment. Ointments last longer, but are thicker and can cause blurry vision.
* Don't smoke. Avoid second-hand smoke, direct wind, and air conditioning.
* Use a humidifier, especially in the winter.
* Purposefully blink more often.
* Rest your eyes.

==Where to find medical care for Dry eyes?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Dry eyes}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Dry eyes]

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
Your health care provider will take a medical history and perform a physical examination, including a careful eye examination.

To help better understand your dry eyes, your health care provider may ask the following:

* How long have you had dry eyes? Does it involve one or both eyes?
* Do you have it all of the time or does it only occur at certain times, with certain activities, or in certain places?
* Does the dryness seem related to wind, dust, chemicals, sun, or light exposure?
* Does it affect your vision?
* Does it cause pain?
* Do your eyelids close easily?
* Have you noticed any drainage from your eyes?
* Does anything make your dry eyes worse?
* Does anything make your dry eyes better?
* Have you tried artificial tears? Do they help?
* Are you taking any medications? Which ones?
* Have you had surgery or an injury to your eyes or nose?
* Do you have allergies?
* Have you been using any new cosmetics?
* Do you have any other symptoms like dry mouth or joint discomfort?

Your health care provider may perform tearing tests that can help diagnose dry eyes. Artificial tears may be prescribed.

==Sources==
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003087.htm

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Template:Dry eyes (patient information)

2011-09-16T15:38:24Z

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Diabetic retinopathy (patient information)

2011-09-16T15:18:18Z

Anjelica Montemayor:

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Diabetic retinopathy|here]]'''

{{Diabetic retinopathy (patient information)}}

{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' Jinhui Wu, M.D.

==Overview==
Diabetic retinopathy is a [[complication]] of long-term [[diabetes]] and a leading cause of [[blindness]]. It is caused by changes in the blood vessels of the retina. In early stages, patients with diabetic retinopathy may not notice changes in vision. However, over time, diabetic retinopathy can get worse and cause [[floaters]], shadows or missing areas of vision, difficulty seeing at nighttime, and even [[vision loss]] or [[blindness]]. Diabetic retinopathy can affects both eyes. A dilated eye exam and fluorescein angiography test are necessary for disgnosis. Treatments include quitting smoking; tight control of blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol; [[laser]] eye surgery; and [[vitrectomy]]. For patients with [[diabetes]], having regular eye exams under an ophthalmologist's direction is very important.

==What are the symptoms of Diabetic retinopathy?==
<gallery>
Image:Human eyesight two children and ball normal vision.jpg|Normal vision. Courtesy [[National Institutes of Health|NIH]] [[National Eye Institute]]
Image:Human eyesight two children and ball with diabetic retinopathy.jpg|The same view with diabetic retinopathy.
</gallery>
Early diabetic retinopathy does not have any symptoms. With the devolpment, people may notice one or more of the following symptoms:

*[[Bleeding]]
*Blurred vision and gradual [[vision loss]], and even [[blindness]].
*[[Floaters]]
*Shadows or missing areas of vision
*Difficulty seeing at nighttime

*Primary detachment of retina can present with similar symptoms.

==Who is at highest risk?==
*All people with either Type 1 or Type 2 [[diabetes]]
*The longer the patient has diabetes, the more likely he/she will get diabetic retinopathy.

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
If you have [[diabetes]] and you have not seen an ophthalmologist in the past year, you need to schedule and appointment for a check up. Additionally, call your doctor if any of the following symptoms are new or are becoming worse:

*You cannot see well in dim light.
*You have blind spots.*You have double vision
*Your vision is blurry and you cannot focus.
*You have pain in one of your eyes.
*You are having [[headache|headaches]].
*You see spots floating in your eyes.
*You cannot see things on the side of your field of vision.
*You see shadows.
Other health problems may also cause these symptoms. Only an ophthalmologist or physician can provide diagnosis. It is important to tell the doctor of these symptoms as soon as possible so that the problems can be treated as early as possible.

==Diagnosis==
* '''Visual acuity test:''' This eye chart test measures how well you see at various distances.
* '''Dilated eye exam:''' Drops are placed in your eyes to widen, or dilate, the pupils. Your eye care professional uses a special magnifying lens to examine your retina and optic nerve for signs of damage and other eye problems. After the exam, your close-up vision may remain blurred for several hours.
*'''[[Retinal photography]] or [[fluorescein angiography]] test''': During this test, the doctor injects a special dye into the patient's arm and collects pictures as the dye passes through the blood vessels in the retina. The test can identify any leaking blood vessels.

==Treatment options==
*Keeping a healthy lifestyle, including quitting smoking.
*Treatment of diabetes: Tight control of [[blood sugar]], [[blood pressure]], and [[cholesterol]].
*Drugs: Now doctors inject corticosteroids into the eyeball to prevent abnormal blood vessels from growing.
*Laser eye surgery: Laser surgery includes focal and scatter laser treatment. Focal laser [[photocoagulation]] is used to treat [[macular edema]]. And scatter laser treatment treats a large area of your retina. Before the procedure, the doctor dilates your pupil and applies drops to numb the eye. Then the doctor uses [[laser]] to keep vessels from leaking, or to get rid of abnormal, fragile vessels. After surgery, you will need to wear a pair of sunglasses and someone will have to drive you home.
*Vitrectomy: Vitrectomy is used to treat [[bleeding]] in the center of the eye and to repair retinal detachment. This procedure is done under [[anesthesia]]. The doctor makes a tiny incision in your eye and replaces the vitreous gel that is clouded with blood with a salt solution. After the surgery, you may have to wear an eye patch for a few days or weeks to protect your eye. Additionally, [[eyedrop|eyedrops]] are needed to prevent infection.

==Where to find medical care for Diabetic retinopathy?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|angina}}}}&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=65.008093,112.148438&ie=UTF8&ll=37.0625,-95.677068&spn=91.690419,149.414063&z=2&source=embed Directions to Hospitals Treating diabetic retinopathy]

==Prevention==
*Tight control of [[blood sugar]], [[blood pressure]], and [[cholesterol]]
*Quitting smoking
*Avoiding resistance or high-impact exercises
*Having regular check yearly under your ophthalmologist's direction
*The following people are particularly advised to have a complete eye exam:
*Children older than 10 years who have had [[diabetes]] for 3 or more years
*Adults and adolescents with type 2 diabetes soon after diagnosis
*Adolescents and adults with type 1 diabetes within 5 years of diagnosis
*If you are beginning a new exercise program or are planning to get pregnant

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
Prognosis of diabetic retinopathy depends on:
*Whether your [[blood sugar]] and [[blood pressure]] are controlled well.
*Whether your retinopathy is treated early

==Possible complications==
If left untreated it can lead to permanent blindness.

==Additional Links==
http://nihseniorhealth.gov/diabeticretinopathy/toc.html

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001212.htm

http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/diabetic/retinopathy.asp

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Crossed eyes (patient information)

2011-09-16T15:12:07Z

Anjelica Montemayor: ←Redirected page to Strabismus (patient information)

#REDIRECT [[Strabismus (patient information)]]

[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology patient information]]

Strabismus (patient information)

2011-09-16T15:08:57Z

Anjelica Montemayor: New page: {{Template:Strabismus (patient information)}} '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here''' {{CMG}} ==Overview== Strabismus is a disorder in which the two eyes do...

{{Template:Strabismus (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Strabismus|here]]'''

{{CMG}}

==Overview==
Strabismus is a disorder in which the two eyes do not line up in the same direction, and therefore do not look at the same object at the same time. The condition is more commonly known as "crossed eyes."

==What are the symptoms of Strabismus?==
Symptoms of strabismus may be present all the time, or only when you are tired or sick.

The eyes do not move together and may appear crossed at times.

The other eye will appear turned out, up, or down from wherever the first eye is focused.

Someone with strabismus may also have:

* Depth perception loss
* Double vision
* Vision loss

==What causes Strabismus?==
Six different muscles surround the eyes and work "as a team" so that both eyes can focus on the same object.

In someone with strabismus, these muscles do not work together. As a result, one eye looks at one object, while the other eye turns in a different direction and is focused on another object.

When this occurs, two different images are sent to the brain -- one from each eye. This confuses the brain, and the brain may learn to ignore the image from the weaker eye.

If the strabismus is not treated, the eye that the brain ignores will never see well. This loss of vision is called amblyopia. Another name for amblyopia is "lazy eye." Sometimes amblyopia is present first, and it causes strabismus.

In most children with strabismus, the cause is unknown. In more than half of these cases, the problem is present at or shortly after birth (congenital strabismus).

Most of the time, the problem has to do with muscle control, and not with muscle strength.

Less often, problems with one of the nerves or muscles, or Graves' disease restriction may cause strabismus.

Other disorders associated with strabismus include:

* Brain and nerve disorders, such as traumatic brain injury, stroke, cerebral palsy, or Guillain-Barre syndrome
* Diabetes (causes a condition known as acquired paralytic strabismus)
* Damage to the retina in children who are born premature
* Hemangioma near the eye during infancy
* Injuries to the eye
* Tumor in the brain or eye
* Vision loss from any eye disease or injury

==Who is at highest risk?==
A family history of strabismus is a risk factor. Farsightedness may be a contributing factor, especially in children. Any other disease that causes vision loss may also cause strabismus.

==Diagnosis==
A physical examination will include a detailed examination of the eyes. Tests will be done to determine how much the eyes are out of alignment.

Eye tests include:

* Corneal light reflex
* Cover/uncover test
* Retinal exam
* Standard ophthalmic exam
* Visual acuity

A brain and nervous system (neurological) examination will also be performed.

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
Strabismus requires prompt medical evaluation. Call for an appointment with your health care provider or eye doctor if your child:

* Appears to be cross-eyed
* Complains of double vision
* Has difficulty seeing

Note: Learning difficulties or problems at school can sometimes be due to a child's inability to see the blackboard or reading material.

==Treatment options==
The first step in treating strabismus is to prescribe glasses, if needed.

Amblyopia or lazy eye must be treated first. A patch is placed over the better eye. This forces the weaker eye to work harder.

Your child may not like wearing a patch or eyeglasses. A patch forces the child to see through the weaker eye at first. However, it is very important to use the patch or eyeglasses as directed.

If the eyes still do not move correctly, eye muscle surgery may be needed. Different muscles in the eye will be made stronger or weaker.

Eye muscle repair surgery does not fix the poor vision of a lazy eye. A child may have to wear glasses after surgery. In general, the younger a child is when the surgery is done, the better the result.

Adults with mild strabismus that comes and goes may do well with glasses and eye muscle exercises to help keep the eyes straight. More severe forms of adult strabismus will need surgery to straighten the eyes. If strabismus has occurred because of vision loss, the vision loss will need to be corrected before strabismus surgery can be successful.

==Where to find medical care for Strabismus?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Strabismus}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Strabismus]

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
After surgery, the eyes may look straight but vision problems can remain.

The child may still have reading problems in school, and for adults driving may be more difficult. Vision may affect the ability to play sports.

With early diagnosis and treatment, the problem can usually be corrected. Delayed treatment may lead to permanent vision loss in one eye. About one-third of children with strabismus will develop amblyopia.

Because many children will get strabismus or amblyopia again, they need to be monitored closely.

==Sources==
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001004.htm

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Template:Strabismus (patient information)

2011-09-16T15:04:36Z

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Pinkeye (patient information)

2011-09-16T14:56:25Z

Anjelica Montemayor: ←Redirected page to Conjunctivitis (patient information)

#REDIRECT [[Conjunctivitis (patient information)]]

[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology patient information]]

Color blindness (patient information)

2011-09-16T14:44:33Z

Anjelica Montemayor:

{{Template:Color blindness (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Color blindness|here]]'''

{{CMG}}; '''Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' Erin E. Lord

==Overview==
Color blindness, a [[color vision]] deficiency, is the inability to perceive differences between some of the [[color]]s that others can distinguish.

There are different classifications of color blindness. It can be classified by cause or by clinical appearance.

'''By cause:'''
* ''Acquired''
* ''Inherited:''
** ''[[Monochromacy]]'' - Also known as "total color blindness"<ref name="Tiresias">[http://www.tiresias.org/guidelines/colour_blindness.htm "Guidelines: Color Blindness."] Tiresias.org. Accessed September 29, 2006.</ref>
*** ''[[Rod monochromacy]] (achromatopsia)'' - The condition of having only [[rods]] in the [[retina]]. A rod monochromat will be unable to see well in normal daylight levels of illumination.
*** ''[[Monochromacy#Cone monochromacy|Cone monochromacy]]'' - A rare total color blindness that is accompanied by relatively normal vision, electoretinogram, and electrooculogram.<ref name="Cassin">Cassin, B. and Solomon, S. ''Dictionary of Eye Terminology''. Gainsville, Florida: Triad Publishing Company, 1990.</ref>
** ''[[Dichromacy]]'' - A moderately severe color vision defect in which one of the three basic color mechanisms is absent or not functioning. It occurs when one of the cone pigments is missing and color is reduced to two dimensions.<ref name="Tiresias"/>
*** ''[[Protanopia]]'' - A severe type of color vision deficiency caused by the complete absence of red retinal photoreceptors.
*** ''[[Deuteranopia]]'' - A color vision deficiency in which the green retinal photoreceptors are absent, moderately affecting red-green hue discrimination.
*** ''[[Tritanopia]]'' - A very rare color vision disturbance in which there are only two cone pigments present and a total absence of blue retinal receptors.<ref name="Cassin"/>
** ''Anomalous [[trichromacy]]'' - A common type of inherited color vision deficiency, occurring when one of the three cone pigments is altered in its spectral sensitivity. This results in an impairment, rather than loss, of [[trichromacy]] (normal three-dimensional color vision).<ref name="Tiresias"/>
*** ''[[Protanomaly]]'' - A mild color vision defect that results in poor red-green hue discrimination<ref name="Cassin"/>
*** ''[[Deuteranomaly]]'' - By far the most common type of color vision deficiency, mildly affecting red-green hue discrimination<ref name="Cassin"/>
*** ''[[Deuteranomaly]]'' - A rare, hereditary color vision deficiency affecting blue-yellow hue discrimination; unlike most other forms, is not sex-linked<ref name="Cassin"/>

'''By clinical appearance:'''
* ''Total color blindness''
* ''Partial color blindness''
:* ''Red-green''
::* ''[[Dichromacy]]'' ([[protanopia]] and [[deuteranopia]])
::* ''[[Anomalous trichromacy]]'' ([[protanomaly]] and [[deuteranomaly]])
:* ''Blue-yellow''
::* ''[[Dichromacy]]'' (tritanopia)
::* ''Anomalous [[trichromacy]]'' ([[tritanomaly]])

==What are the symptoms of Color blindness?==
Symptoms vary from person to person, but may include:

* Trouble seeing colors and the brightness of colors in the usual way
* Trouble telling the difference between red and green
* Trouble telling the difference between blue and yellow
* Inability to tell the difference between shades of the same or similar colors

Often, the symptoms may be so mild that some persons do not know they are color blind. A parent may notice signs of color blindness when a child is learning his or her colors.

Rapid, side-to-side eye movements and other symptoms may occur in severe cases.

==What causes Color blindness?==
Color blindness occurs when there is a problem with the color-sensing materials ([[pigments]]) in certain [[nerve cells]] of the eye. These cells are called [[cones]]. They are found in the [[retina]], the light-sensitive layer of [[tissue]] at the back of the inner eye. If you are missing just one [[pigment]], you might have trouble telling the difference between red and green. This is the most common type of color blindness. Other times, people have trouble seeing blue-yellow colors. People with blue-yellow color blindness almost always have problems identify reds and greens, too.

Color blindness is often inherited [[Heredity|genetically]]. It is most commonly inherited from [[mutations]] in a [[X-linked recessive]] fashion, but the mapping of the [[human genome]] has shown there are many causative [[mutations]] – [[mutations]] capable of causing color blindness originate from at least 19 different [[chromosomes]] and many different [[genes]] (as shown online at the [[Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man]] (OMIM) database at Johns Hopkins University).

Inherited color blindness can be [[congenital]] (from birth), or it can commence in childhood or adulthood. Some of the inherited diseases known to cause color blindness are:

*[[Cone dystrophy]]
*[[Cone-rod dystrophy]]
*[[Achromatopsia]] (aka rod monochromatism, aka stationary cone dystrophy, aka cone dysfunction syndrome)
*[[Blue cone monochromatism]]
*[[Leber's congenital amaurosis]]
*[[Retinitis pigmentosa]] (initially affects rods but can later progress to cones and therefore color blindness)

Other causes of color blindness include:
* [[Brain]] or [[retina|retinal]] damage caused by [[shaken baby syndrome]] or other accidents and trauma which produce swelling of the [[brain]] in the [[occipital lobe]]
* Damage to the [[retina]] caused by exposure to [[ultraviolet light]]
* The drug [[hydroxychloroquine]] ([[Plaquenil]]), which is used to treat [[rheumatoid arthritis]], among other conditions

==Who is at highest risk?==
Men are at a higher risk for color blindness than women. As color blindness is commonly inherited in a [[X-linked recessive]] fashion, about 8 percent of males, but only 0.5 percent of females, are color blind in some way or another, whether it be one color, a color combination, or another [[mutation]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Color Vision: From Genes to Perception|last=Sharpe|first=LT|coauthors=Stockman A, Jägle H, Nathans J| editor=Gegenfurtner KR, Sharpe LT |chapter=Opsin genes, cone photopigments, [[color vision]] and color blindness|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]| year=1999|isbn=9780521004398|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=4zQMQLLVkFYC}}</ref><ref name="colblindor">http://www.colblindor.com/2006/04/28/colorblind-population/</ref> The reason males are at a greater risk of inheriting an [[X linked]] [[mutation]] is because males only have one [[X chromosome]] ([[XY]], with the [[Y chromosome]] being significantly shorter than the [[X chromosome]]), and females have two ([[XX]]); if a woman inherits a normal [[X chromosome]] in addition to the one which carries the [[mutation]], she will not display the [[mutation]]. Men do not have a second [[X chromosome]] to override the [[chromosome]] which carries the [[mutation]]. If 5% of variants of a given gene are defective, the probability of a single copy being defective is 5%, but the probability that two copies are both defective is 0.05 × 0.05 = 0.0025, or just 0.25%.

In addition to those who are genetically predisposed to color blindness, people who suffer from [[Brain damage|brain]] or retinal damage, or who take the drug hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil), are at an increased risk of color blindness.

==Diagnosis==
While some people notice that they have difficulty telling the differences between certain colors, others may have such a mild case that they do not even notice any symptoms.

To be certain, your [[eye care specialist]] can check your [[color vision]] in several ways. Testing for color blindness is commonly done during an [[eye exam]]. The [[Ishihara color test]], which consists of a series of pictures of colored spots, is the test most often used to diagnose red-green color deficiencies. A figure (usually one or more [[Arabic numerals|Arabic digits]]) is embedded in the picture as a number of spots in a slightly different color, and can be seen with normal [[color vision]], but not with a particular color defect.

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
Color blindness is not considered a medical emergency.

However, make an appointment with your [[optometrist]] or [[ophthalmologist]] if you think you (or your child) have color blindness.

==Treatment options==
There is generally no treatment to cure color deficiencies. However, certain types of tinted filters and contact lenses may help an individual to better distinguish different colors. Optometrists can supply a singular red-tint contact lens to wear on the non-dominant eye.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/4998817.html|title=Patent application for contact lens for correction of color blindness|last=Zeltzer, |first=Harry I.|date=March 1991|work=freepatentsonline.com|publisher=FreePatentsOnline.com|accessdate=2009-10-28}}</ref> This may enable the wearer to pass some color blindness tests, but they have little practical use.

Additionally, computer software and cybernetic devices have been developed to assist those with visual color difficulties such as an [[eyeborg]], a "cybernetic eye" that allows individuals with color blindness to hear sounds representing colors.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/devon/news_features/2005/eyeborg.shtml|title=Seeing things in a different light|last=Anon|date=19 January 2005|work=BBC Devon features|publisher=BBC|accessdate=2009-10-30}}</ref>

The [[GNOME]] desktop environment provides colorblind accessibility using the gnome-mag and the libcolorblind software. Using a gnome applet, the user may use color filters to choose from a set of possible color transformations. The filters will displace the colors on the screen so that the user can distinguish between them. The software enables, for instance, a color blind person to see the numbers in the [[Ishihara color test]].

In September 2009, the journal [[Nature]] reported that researchers at the [[University of Washington]] and [[University of Florida]] were able to give trichromatic vision to [[squirrel monkeys]] using [[gene therapy]].<ref>[http://www.nature.com/news/2009/090916/full/news.2009.921.html Colour blindness corrected by gene therapy : Nature News]</ref>

==Where to find medical care for Color blindness?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|color blindness}}}}&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=65.008093,112.148438&ie=UTF8&ll=37.0625,-95.677068&spn=91.690419,149.414063&z=2&source=embed Directions to Hospitals Treating color blindness]

==Prevention of Color blindness==
Color blindness cannot typically be prevented, as most cases are due to one's [[Heredity|genetics]].

Avoiding brain or retinal damage as best as possible may prevent certain acquired cases of color blindness, as well as other serious problems.

Additionally, while taking [[hydroxychloroquine]] ([[Plaquenil]]), be sure to carefully follow the doctor's instructions and immediately report any adverse affects.

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
Color blindness is a life-long condition. Most persons are able to adjust without difficulty or disability.

Although those who are colorblind can succeed at many jobs, they may not be able to get a job that requires color vision. For example, a pilot needs to be able to see color

==Possible complications==
People who are colorblind may not be able to get a job that requires the ability to see colors accurately. For example, electricians (color-coded wires), painters, fashion designers (fabrics), and cooks (using the color of meat to tell whether it's done) need to be able to see colors accurately.

==Additional Links==
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001002.htm

==Sources==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:Patient information]]
[[Category:Optometry]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology patient information]]
[[Category:Congenital disorders]]
[[Category:Genetic disorders]]
[[Category:Genetic disorders patient information]]
[[Category:Disease state]]
[[Category:Mature chapter]]
[[Category:Congenital disorders patient information]]
[[Category:Overview complete]]
[[Category:Template complete]]

{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Color blindness (patient information)

2011-09-16T14:40:52Z

Anjelica Montemayor:

{{Template:Color blindness (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Color blindness|here]]'''

{{CMG}}; '''Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' Erin E. Lord

==Overview==
Color blindness, a [[color vision]] deficiency, is the inability to perceive differences between some of the [[color]]s that others can distinguish.

There are different classifications of color blindness. It can be classified by cause or by clinical appearance.

'''By cause:'''
* ''Acquired''
* ''Inherited:''
** ''[[Monochromacy]]'' - Also known as "total color blindness"<ref name="Tiresias">[http://www.tiresias.org/guidelines/colour_blindness.htm "Guidelines: Color Blindness."] Tiresias.org. Accessed September 29, 2006.</ref>
*** ''[[Rod monochromacy]] (achromatopsia)'' - The condition of having only [[rods]] in the [[retina]]. A rod monochromat will be unable to see well in normal daylight levels of illumination.
*** ''[[Monochromacy#Cone monochromacy|Cone monochromacy]]'' - A rare total color blindness that is accompanied by relatively normal vision, electoretinogram, and electrooculogram.<ref name="Cassin">Cassin, B. and Solomon, S. ''Dictionary of Eye Terminology''. Gainsville, Florida: Triad Publishing Company, 1990.</ref>
** ''[[Dichromacy]]'' - A moderately severe color vision defect in which one of the three basic color mechanisms is absent or not functioning. It occurs when one of the cone pigments is missing and color is reduced to two dimensions.<ref name="Tiresias"/>
*** ''[[Protanopia]]'' - A severe type of color vision deficiency caused by the complete absence of red retinal photoreceptors.
*** ''[[Deuteranopia]]'' - A color vision deficiency in which the green retinal photoreceptors are absent, moderately affecting red-green hue discrimination.
*** ''[[Tritanopia]]'' - A very rare color vision disturbance in which there are only two cone pigments present and a total absence of blue retinal receptors.<ref name="Cassin"/>
** ''Anomalous [[trichromacy]]'' - A common type of inherited color vision deficiency, occurring when one of the three cone pigments is altered in its spectral sensitivity. This results in an impairment, rather than loss, of [[trichromacy]] (normal three-dimensional color vision).<ref name="Tiresias"/>
*** ''[[Protanomaly]]'' - A mild color vision defect that results in poor red-green hue discrimination<ref name="Cassin"/>
*** ''[[Deuteranomaly]]'' - By far the most common type of color vision deficiency, mildly affecting red-green hue discrimination<ref name="Cassin"/>
*** ''[[Deuteranomaly]]'' - A rare, hereditary color vision deficiency affecting blue-yellow hue discrimination; unlike most other forms, is not sex-linked<ref name="Cassin"/>

'''By clinical appearance:'''
* ''Total color blindness''
* ''Partial color blindness''
:* ''Red-green''
::* ''[[Dichromacy]]'' ([[protanopia]] and [[deuteranopia]])
::* ''[[Anomalous trichromacy]]'' ([[protanomaly]] and [[deuteranomaly]])
:* ''Blue-yellow''
::* ''[[Dichromacy]]'' (tritanopia)
::* ''Anomalous [[trichromacy]]'' ([[tritanomaly]])

==What are the symptoms of color blindness?==
Symptoms vary from person to person, but may include:

* Trouble seeing colors and the brightness of colors in the usual way
* Trouble telling the difference between red and green
* Trouble telling the difference between blue and yellow
* Inability to tell the difference between shades of the same or similar colors

Often, the symptoms may be so mild that some persons do not know they are color blind. A parent may notice signs of color blindness when a child is learning his or her colors.

Rapid, side-to-side eye movements and other symptoms may occur in severe cases.

==What are the causes of color blindness?==
Color blindness occurs when there is a problem with the color-sensing materials ([[pigments]]) in certain [[nerve cells]] of the eye. These cells are called [[cones]]. They are found in the [[retina]], the light-sensitive layer of [[tissue]] at the back of the inner eye. If you are missing just one [[pigment]], you might have trouble telling the difference between red and green. This is the most common type of color blindness. Other times, people have trouble seeing blue-yellow colors. People with blue-yellow color blindness almost always have problems identify reds and greens, too.

Color blindness is often inherited [[Heredity|genetically]]. It is most commonly inherited from [[mutations]] in a [[X-linked recessive]] fashion, but the mapping of the [[human genome]] has shown there are many causative [[mutations]] – [[mutations]] capable of causing color blindness originate from at least 19 different [[chromosomes]] and many different [[genes]] (as shown online at the [[Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man]] (OMIM) database at Johns Hopkins University).

Inherited color blindness can be [[congenital]] (from birth), or it can commence in childhood or adulthood. Some of the inherited diseases known to cause color blindness are:

*[[Cone dystrophy]]
*[[Cone-rod dystrophy]]
*[[Achromatopsia]] (aka rod monochromatism, aka stationary cone dystrophy, aka cone dysfunction syndrome)
*[[Blue cone monochromatism]]
*[[Leber's congenital amaurosis]]
*[[Retinitis pigmentosa]] (initially affects rods but can later progress to cones and therefore color blindness)

Other causes of color blindness include:
* [[Brain]] or [[retina|retinal]] damage caused by [[shaken baby syndrome]] or other accidents and trauma which produce swelling of the [[brain]] in the [[occipital lobe]]
* Damage to the [[retina]] caused by exposure to [[ultraviolet light]]
* The drug [[hydroxychloroquine]] ([[Plaquenil]]), which is used to treat [[rheumatoid arthritis]], among other conditions

==Who is at highest risk?==
Men are at a higher risk for color blindness than women. As color blindness is commonly inherited in a [[X-linked recessive]] fashion, about 8 percent of males, but only 0.5 percent of females, are color blind in some way or another, whether it be one color, a color combination, or another [[mutation]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Color Vision: From Genes to Perception|last=Sharpe|first=LT|coauthors=Stockman A, Jägle H, Nathans J| editor=Gegenfurtner KR, Sharpe LT |chapter=Opsin genes, cone photopigments, [[color vision]] and color blindness|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]| year=1999|isbn=9780521004398|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=4zQMQLLVkFYC}}</ref><ref name="colblindor">http://www.colblindor.com/2006/04/28/colorblind-population/</ref> The reason males are at a greater risk of inheriting an [[X linked]] [[mutation]] is because males only have one [[X chromosome]] ([[XY]], with the [[Y chromosome]] being significantly shorter than the [[X chromosome]]), and females have two ([[XX]]); if a woman inherits a normal [[X chromosome]] in addition to the one which carries the [[mutation]], she will not display the [[mutation]]. Men do not have a second [[X chromosome]] to override the [[chromosome]] which carries the [[mutation]]. If 5% of variants of a given gene are defective, the probability of a single copy being defective is 5%, but the probability that two copies are both defective is 0.05 × 0.05 = 0.0025, or just 0.25%.

In addition to those who are genetically predisposed to color blindness, people who suffer from [[Brain damage|brain]] or retinal damage, or who take the drug hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil), are at an increased risk of color blindness.

==How to know you have color blindness?==
While some people notice that they have difficulty telling the differences between certain colors, others may have such a mild case that they do not even notice any symptoms.

To be certain, your [[eye care specialist]] can check your [[color vision]] in several ways. Testing for color blindness is commonly done during an [[eye exam]]. The [[Ishihara color test]], which consists of a series of pictures of colored spots, is the test most often used to diagnose red-green color deficiencies. A figure (usually one or more [[Arabic numerals|Arabic digits]]) is embedded in the picture as a number of spots in a slightly different color, and can be seen with normal [[color vision]], but not with a particular color defect.

==When to seek urgent medical care==
Color blindness is not considered a medical emergency.

However, make an appointment with your [[optometrist]] or [[ophthalmologist]] if you think you (or your child) have color blindness.

==Treatment options==
There is generally no treatment to cure color deficiencies. However, certain types of tinted filters and contact lenses may help an individual to better distinguish different colors. Optometrists can supply a singular red-tint contact lens to wear on the non-dominant eye.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/4998817.html|title=Patent application for contact lens for correction of color blindness|last=Zeltzer, |first=Harry I.|date=March 1991|work=freepatentsonline.com|publisher=FreePatentsOnline.com|accessdate=2009-10-28}}</ref> This may enable the wearer to pass some color blindness tests, but they have little practical use.

Additionally, computer software and cybernetic devices have been developed to assist those with visual color difficulties such as an [[eyeborg]], a "cybernetic eye" that allows individuals with color blindness to hear sounds representing colors.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/devon/news_features/2005/eyeborg.shtml|title=Seeing things in a different light|last=Anon|date=19 January 2005|work=BBC Devon features|publisher=BBC|accessdate=2009-10-30}}</ref>

The [[GNOME]] desktop environment provides colorblind accessibility using the gnome-mag and the libcolorblind software. Using a gnome applet, the user may use color filters to choose from a set of possible color transformations. The filters will displace the colors on the screen so that the user can distinguish between them. The software enables, for instance, a color blind person to see the numbers in the [[Ishihara color test]].

In September 2009, the journal [[Nature]] reported that researchers at the [[University of Washington]] and [[University of Florida]] were able to give trichromatic vision to [[squirrel monkeys]] using [[gene therapy]].<ref>[http://www.nature.com/news/2009/090916/full/news.2009.921.html Colour blindness corrected by gene therapy : Nature News]</ref>

==Where to find medical care for color blindness==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|color blindness}}}}&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=65.008093,112.148438&ie=UTF8&ll=37.0625,-95.677068&spn=91.690419,149.414063&z=2&source=embed Directions to Hospitals Treating color blindness]

==Prevention of color blindness==
Color blindness cannot typically be prevented, as most cases are due to one's [[Heredity|genetics]].

Avoiding brain or retinal damage as best as possible may prevent certain acquired cases of color blindness, as well as other serious problems.

Additionally, while taking [[hydroxychloroquine]] ([[Plaquenil]]), be sure to carefully follow the doctor's instructions and immediately report any adverse affects.

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
Color blindness is a life-long condition. Most persons are able to adjust without difficulty or disability.

Although those who are colorblind can succeed at many jobs, they may not be able to get a job that requires color vision. For example, a pilot needs to be able to see color

==Additional Links==
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001002.htm

==Sources==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:Patient information]]
[[Category:Optometry]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology patient information]]
[[Category:Congenital disorders]]
[[Category:Genetic disorders]]
[[Category:Genetic disorders patient information]]
[[Category:Disease state]]
[[Category:Mature chapter]]
[[Category:Congenital disorders patient information]]
[[Category:Overview complete]]
[[Category:Template complete]]

{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Template:Color blindness (patient information)

2011-09-16T14:38:16Z

{| class="infobox bordered" style="width: 15em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%; background:AliceBlue"
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'''Color blindness
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Color blindness On the Web
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[http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Color blindness}}}} Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov]
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[http://images.google.com/images?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Color blindness}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wi Images of Color blindness]
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[http://google2.fda.gov/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Color blindness}}}}&x=0&y=0&client=FDAgov&site=FDAgov&lr=&proxystylesheet=FDAgov&output=xml_no_dtd&getfields=* FDA on Color blindness]
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[http://www.cdc.gov/search.do?queryText={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Color blindness}}}}&searchButton.x=33&searchButton.y=6&action=search CDC on Color blindness]
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[http://news.google.com/news?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Color blindness}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wn Color blindness in the news]
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[http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Color blindness}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wb Blogs on Color blindness]
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[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Color blindness}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Color blindness]
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[http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&hs=QWo&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Color blindness}}}}+AND+risk+score+OR+risk+calculator&btnG=Search Risk calculators and risk factors for Color blindness]
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Chalazion (patient information)

2011-09-16T14:29:29Z

Anjelica Montemayor: New page: {{Template:Chalazion (patient information)}} '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here''' {{CMG}} ==Overview== A chalazion is a small bump in the eyelid caused by...

{{Template:Chalazion (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Chalazion|here]]'''

{{CMG}}

==Overview==
A chalazion is a small bump in the eyelid caused by a blockage of a tiny oil gland.

==What are the symptoms of Chalazion?==
* Eyelid tenderness
* Increased tearing
* Painful swelling on the eyelid
* Sensitivity to light

==What causes Chalazion?==
A chalazion develops in the glands that produce the fluid that lubricates the eye. These are called Meibomian glands. The eyelid has approximately 100 of these glands, which are located near the eyelashes.

A chalazion is caused by a blockage of the duct that drains one of these glands.

==Diagnosis==
An exam of the eyelid confirms the diagnosis.

Rarely, the Meibomian gland duct may be blocked by a skin cancer. If this is suspected, you may need a biopsy.

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
Apply warm compresses and call your health care provider if the swelling gets worse or continues for longer than 1 month.

Call for an appointment with your health care provider if lumps on the eyelid continue to get bigger despite treatment, or you have an area of eyelash loss.

==Treatment options==
A chalazion will often disappear without treatment in a month or so.

The primary treatment is to apply warm compresses for 10-15 minutes at least four times a day. This may soften the hardened oils blocking the duct, and promote drainage and healing.

If the chalazion continues to get bigger, it may need to be removed with surgery. This is usually done from underneath the eyelid to avoid a scar on the skin.

Antibiotic eye drops are usually used several days before and after the cyst is removed. However, they are not much use otherwise in treating a chalazion.

Steroid injection is another treatment option.

==Where to find medical care for Chalazion?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Chalazion}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Chalazion]

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
Chalazia usually heal on their own. The outcome with treatment is usually excellent.

==Possible complications==
A large chalazion can cause astigmatism due to pressure on the cornea. This will get better when the chalazion is treated.

==Prevention of Chalazion==
Properly cleaning the eyelid may prevent the condition from returning in people who are prone to chalazia. Cleaning the eyelash area with baby shampoo will help reduce clogging of the ducts.

==Sources==
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001006.htm

[[Category:Patient information]]
[[Category:Overview complete]]
[[Category:Template complete]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology patient information]]

{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Template:Chalazion (patient information)

2011-09-16T14:29:17Z

Anjelica Montemayor:

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[http://images.google.com/images?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Chalazion}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wi Images of Chalazion]
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[http://google2.fda.gov/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Chalazion}}}}&x=0&y=0&client=FDAgov&site=FDAgov&lr=&proxystylesheet=FDAgov&output=xml_no_dtd&getfields=* FDA on Chalazion]
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[http://www.cdc.gov/search.do?queryText={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Chalazion}}}}&searchButton.x=33&searchButton.y=6&action=search CDC on Chalazion]
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Template:Chalazion (patient information)

2011-09-16T14:24:56Z

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'''Chalazion
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[[{{PAGENAME}}#Prevention of Chalazion|Prevention]]
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Chalazion On the Web
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[http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Chalazion}}}} Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov]
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Blepharospasm (patient information)

2011-09-16T14:13:10Z

Anjelica Montemayor: ←Redirected page to Eyelid twitch (patient information)

#REDIRECT [[Eyelid twitch (patient information)]]

[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology patient information]]

Eyelid twitch (patient information)

2011-09-16T14:08:28Z

Anjelica Montemayor: New page: {{Template:Eyelid twitch (patient information)}} '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here''' {{CMG}} ==Overview== An eyelid twitch is a general term for invo...

{{Template:Eyelid twitch (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Eyelid twitch|here]]'''

{{CMG}}

==Overview==
An eyelid twitch is a general term for involuntary spasms of the eyelid muscles. In some instances, the eyelid may repeatedly close (or nearly close) and re-open.

==What are the symptoms of an Eyelid twitch?==
In addition to having repetitive, uncontrollable twitching or spasms of your eyelid (usually the upper lid), you may be very sensitive to light or have blurry vision.

==What causes an Eyelid twitch?==
The most common things that make the muscle in your eyelid twitch are fatigue, stress, and caffeine. Once spasms begin, they may continue off and on for a few days. Then, they disappear. Most people experience this type of eyelid twitch on occasion and find it very annoying. In most cases, you won't even notice when the twitch has stopped.

More severe contractions, where the eyelid completely closes, are possible. These can be caused by irritation of the surface of the eye (cornea) or the membranes lining the eyelids (conjunctiva).

Sometimes, the reason your eyelid is twitching cannot be identified. This form of eyelid twitching lasts much longer, is often very uncomfortable, and can also cause your eyelids to close completely.

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
Call your primary care doctor or eye doctor (ophthalmologist, optometrist) if:

* Eyelid twitching does not go away within 1 week
* Twitching completely closes your eyelid
* Twitching involves other parts of your face
* You have redness, swelling, or a discharge from your eye
* Your upper eyelid is drooping

==Treatment options==
Eyelid twitching usually disappears without treatment. In the meantime, the following steps may help:

* Get more sleep.
* Drink less caffeine.
* Lubricate your eyes with eye drops.

If twitching is severe, small injections of botulinum toxin can temporarily cure the spasms.

==Where to find medical care for an Eyelid twitch?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Eyelid twitch}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Eyelid twitch]

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
The outlook depends on the specific type or cause of eyelid twitch. In some cases, the twitches usually stop within a week.

==Possible complications==
Permanent eye injury from unrecognized cornea injury is possible, but rare.

==Sources==
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000756.htm

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Template:Eyelid twitch (patient information)

2011-09-16T14:00:42Z

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Eyelid twitch On the Web
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[http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Eyelid twitch}}}} Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov]
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[http://www.cdc.gov/search.do?queryText={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Eyelid twitch}}}}&searchButton.x=33&searchButton.y=6&action=search CDC on Eyelid twitch]
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Blepharitis (patient information)

2011-09-16T13:51:08Z

Anjelica Montemayor: New page: {{Template:Blepharitis (patient information)}} '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here''' {{CMG}} ==Overview== Blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelash foll...

{{Template:Blepharitis (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Blepharitis|here]]'''

{{CMG}}

==Overview==
Blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelash follicles, along the edge of the eyelid.

==What are the symptoms of Blepharitis?==
The eyelids appear red and irritated, with scales that stick to the base of the eyelashes. The eyelids may be:

* Crusty
* Reddened
* Swollen
* Itching
* Burning

You may feel like you have sand or dust in your eye when you blink. Sometimes, the eyelashes may fall out.

==What causes Blepharitis?==
Blepharitis is caused by an overgrowth of the bacteria that is normally found on the skin. It is usually due to seborrheic dermatitis or a bacterial infection. Both may occur at the same time.

The cause is overgrowth of the bacteria that is normally found on the skin.

Allergies and lice that affects the eyelashes may also cause blepharitis, although these causes are less common.

People who have blepharitis have too much oil being produced by the glands near the eyelid. This allows bacteria normally found on the skin to overgrow.

==Who is at highest risk?==
Blepharitis may be linked to repeated styes and chalazia. You are more likely to develop this condition if you have seborrheic dermatitis of the face or scalp, rosacea, lice, and allergies.

==Diagnosis==
An examination of the eyelids during an eye examination is usually enough to diagnose blepharitis.

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
Call for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms worsen or do not improve after careful cleansing of the eyelids for several days.

==Treatment options==
Careful daily cleansing of the edges of the eyelids helps remove the skin oils that cause the bacteria to overgrow. Your health care provider might recommend using baby shampoo or special cleansers. Antibiotic ointments may also be helpful.

==Where to find medical care for Blepharitis?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Blepharitis}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Blepharitis]

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
The likely outcome is good with treatment. Continued attention to lid cleanliness may be required to prevent repeated problems. Continued treatment will typically make the eyes less red and more comfortable.

==Possible complications==
* Styes
* Chalazia
* Injury to the eye tissue (corneal ulcer) from irritation
* Inflammation of the surface of the eye (conjunctivitis)
* Loss of eyelashes
* Scarring of the eyelids

==Prevention of Blepharitis==
Cleaning eyelids carefully will help prevent blepharitis. If a specific skin condition is present, it should be treated.

==Sources==
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001619.htm

[[Category:Patient information]]
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{{WH}}
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Template:Blepharitis (patient information)

2011-09-16T13:44:59Z

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Behcet's syndrome (patient information)

2011-09-16T13:28:06Z

Anjelica Montemayor: New page: {{Template:Behcet's syndrome (patient information)}} '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here''' {{CMG}} ==Overview== Behçet's (Beh-CHETS or Beh-SHETS) ...

{{Template:Behcet's syndrome (patient information)}}

'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Behcet's syndrome|here]]'''

{{CMG}}

==Overview==
Behçet's (Beh-CHETS or Beh-SHETS) disease is an illness that causes symptoms in various parts of the body. The more common symptoms include sores in the mouth and on the genitals (sex organs). More serious symptoms can include inflammation (swelling, heat, redness, and pain) in the eyes and other parts of the body.

==What are the symptoms of Behcet's syndrome?==
The symptoms of Behçet's disease differ from one person to the next. Some people have only mild symptoms, such as sores in the mouth, while others have more severe problems, such as vision loss.

The five most common symptoms of Behçet's disease are:

* Mouth sores
* Genital sores
* Other skin sores
* Swelling of parts of the eye
* Arthritis (pain, swelling, and stiffness in the joints)

Less common symptoms include:

* Inflammation in the brain and spinal cord
* Blood clots
* Inflammation in the digestive system (the parts of the body that digest food)
* Blindness

Symptoms may appear, disappear, and then reappear. The times when a person is having symptoms are called flares.

==What causes Behcet's syndrome?==
Nearly all of the symptoms of Behçet's disease are due to an inflammation of the blood vessels. Doctors aren't sure what causes this inflammation. Some people may have inherited (passed on from parent to child) a problem with the immune system that makes them more likely to develop the disease. For these people, contact with substances in the environment, such as bacteria or viruses, may cause the immune system to attack the blood vessels. Behçet's disease is not contagious; it is not spread from one person to another.

==Who is at highest risk?==
Doctors aren't sure what causes Behcet's. It is rare in the United States, but is common in the Middle East and Asia. It mainly affects people in their 20s and 30s. Diagnosing Behcet's can take a long time, because symptoms may come and go, and it may take months or even years to have all of the symptoms. There is no cure. Treatment focuses on reducing pain and preventing serious problems.

==Diagnosis==
Behçet's disease is hard to diagnose because:

* The symptoms do not usually appear all at once
* There are other illnesses that have similar symptoms
* There is no single test to diagnose Behçet's disease

The symptoms that are key to diagnosing Behçet's disease include:

* Mouth sores at least three times in 12 months
* Any two of the following:
;* Genital sores that go away and come back
;* Eye inflammation with loss of vision
;* Sores on the skin
;* Positive skin prick test (the appearance of small red bumps when the skin is pricked with a needle)

Because it may take months or even years for all the common symptoms to appear, the diagnosis may not be made for a long time. Patients can help their doctors to diagnose Behçet's disease by keeping a record of their symptoms and when they occur.

==When to seek urgent medical care?==
Call your health care provider if you are having these symptoms.

==Treatment options==
The goal of treatment is to reduce pain and prevent serious problems. Common treatments include:

* Corticosteroids (medication to reduce pain and inflammation)
* Immunosuppressive drugs (medication that helps control the immune system, reduce inflammation, and prevent disease flares)
* Rest during flares
* Moderate exercise, such as swimming or walking, during periods of remission (a disappearance of symptoms)

==Where to find medical care for Behcet's syndrome?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Behcet's syndrome}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Behcet's syndrome]

==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
There is no cure for Behçet's disease, but most people can control symptoms with treatment.

==Sources==
http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Behcets_Disease/behcets_disease_ff.asp
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/behcetssyndrome.html

[[Category:Patient information]]
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[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
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{{WH}}
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Template:Behcet's syndrome (patient information)

2011-09-16T13:26:48Z

Anjelica Montemayor:

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|- bgcolor="LightGrey"
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|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Overview|Overview]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#What are the symptoms of Behcet's syndrome?|What are the symptoms?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#What causes Behcet's syndrome?|What are the causes?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Who is at highest risk?|Who is at highest risk?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Diagnosis|Diagnosis]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#When to seek urgent medical care?|When to seek urgent medical care?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Treatment options|Treatment options]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Where to find medical care for Behcet's syndrome?|Where to find medical care for Behcet's syndrome?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?|What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="PaleGoldenrod "
!
Behcet's syndrome On the Web
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}} Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://images.google.com/images?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wi Images of Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://www.google.com/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&tbm=vid Videos on Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://google2.fda.gov/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&x=0&y=0&client=FDAgov&site=FDAgov&lr=&proxystylesheet=FDAgov&output=xml_no_dtd&getfields=* FDA on Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://www.cdc.gov/search.do?queryText={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&searchButton.x=33&searchButton.y=6&action=search CDC on Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://news.google.com/news?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wn Behcet's syndrome in the news]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wb Blogs on Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Behcet's syndrome}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&hs=QWo&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}+AND+risk+score+OR+risk+calculator&btnG=Search Risk calculators and risk factors for Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!
|}

Template:Behcet's syndrome (patient information)

2011-09-16T13:26:19Z

Anjelica Montemayor:

{| class="infobox bordered" style="width: 15em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%; background:AliceBlue"
|-
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:CornFlowerBlue" |

'''Behcet's syndrome
'''
|- bgcolor="LightGrey"
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Overview|Overview]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#What are the symptoms of Behcet's syndrome?|What are the symptoms?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#What causes Behcet's syndrome?|What are the causes?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Who is at highest risk?|Who is at highest risk?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Diagnosis|Diagnosis]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#When to seek urgent medical care?|When to seek urgent medical care?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Treatment options|Treatment options]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Where to find medical care for Behcet's syndrome?|Where to find medical care for Behcet's syndrome?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="PaleGoldenrod "
!
Behcet's syndrome On the Web
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}} Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://images.google.com/images?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wi Images of Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://www.google.com/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&tbm=vid Videos on Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://google2.fda.gov/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&x=0&y=0&client=FDAgov&site=FDAgov&lr=&proxystylesheet=FDAgov&output=xml_no_dtd&getfields=* FDA on Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://www.cdc.gov/search.do?queryText={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&searchButton.x=33&searchButton.y=6&action=search CDC on Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://news.google.com/news?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wn Behcet's syndrome in the news]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wb Blogs on Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Behcet's syndrome}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&hs=QWo&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}+AND+risk+score+OR+risk+calculator&btnG=Search Risk calculators and risk factors for Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!
|}

Template:Behcet's syndrome (patient information)

2011-09-16T13:11:05Z

Anjelica Montemayor:

{| class="infobox bordered" style="width: 15em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%; background:AliceBlue"
|-
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:CornFlowerBlue" |

'''Behcet's syndrome
'''
|- bgcolor="LightGrey"
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Overview|Overview]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#What are the symptoms of Behcet's syndrome?|What are the symptoms?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#What causes Behcet's syndrome?|What are the causes?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Who is at highest risk?|Who is at highest risk?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Diagnosis|Diagnosis]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#When to seek urgent medical care?|When to seek urgent medical care?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Treatment options|Treatment options]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Where to find medical care for Behcet's syndrome?|Where to find medical care for Behcet's syndrome?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Prevention of Behcet's syndrome|Prevention]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="PaleGoldenrod "
!
Behcet's syndrome On the Web
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}} Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://images.google.com/images?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wi Images of Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://www.google.com/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&tbm=vid Videos on Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://google2.fda.gov/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&x=0&y=0&client=FDAgov&site=FDAgov&lr=&proxystylesheet=FDAgov&output=xml_no_dtd&getfields=* FDA on Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://www.cdc.gov/search.do?queryText={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&searchButton.x=33&searchButton.y=6&action=search CDC on Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://news.google.com/news?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wn Behcet's syndrome in the news]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wb Blogs on Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Behcet's syndrome}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&hs=QWo&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}+AND+risk+score+OR+risk+calculator&btnG=Search Risk calculators and risk factors for Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!
|}

Template:Behcet's syndrome (patient information)

2011-09-16T12:59:40Z

{| class="infobox bordered" style="width: 15em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%; background:AliceBlue"
|-
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:CornFlowerBlue" |

'''Behcet's syndrome
'''
|- bgcolor="LightGrey"
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Overview|Overview]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#What are the symptoms of Behcet's syndrome?|What are the symptoms?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#What causes Behcet's syndrome?|What are the causes?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Who is at highest risk?|Who is at highest risk?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Diagnosis|Diagnosis]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#When to seek urgent medical care?|When to seek urgent medical care?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Treatment options|Treatment options]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Where to find medical care for Behcet's syndrome?|Where to find medical care for Behcet's syndrome?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Prevention of Behcet's syndrome|Prevention]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?|What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightSkyBlue"
!
[[{{PAGENAME}}#Possible complications|Possible complications]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="PaleGoldenrod "
!
Behcet's syndrome On the Web
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}} Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://images.google.com/images?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wi Images of Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://www.google.com/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&tbm=vid Videos on Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://google2.fda.gov/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&x=0&y=0&client=FDAgov&site=FDAgov&lr=&proxystylesheet=FDAgov&output=xml_no_dtd&getfields=* FDA on Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://www.cdc.gov/search.do?queryText={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&searchButton.x=33&searchButton.y=6&action=search CDC on Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://news.google.com/news?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wn Behcet's syndrome in the news]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wb Blogs on Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Behcet's syndrome}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
!
[http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&hs=QWo&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Behcet's syndrome}}}}+AND+risk+score+OR+risk+calculator&btnG=Search Risk calculators and risk factors for Behcet's syndrome]
|-
!
|}